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Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
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Volume 28, Issue 8; August 1, 2008
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Key:  VB = Vascular Biology  AL = Atherosclerosis/Lipoproteins  TH = Thrombosis
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EditorialsBack

AL gif  Macrophage Function and Its Impact on Atherosclerotic Lesion Composition, Progression, and Stability: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

Jeffrey G. Dickhout, Sana Basseri, and Richard C. Austin
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1413-1415, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.169144
Extract | Full Text | PDF  

TH gif  Myocardin: Dominant Driver of the Smooth Muscle Cell Contractile Phenotype

Michael S. Parmacek
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1416-1417, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.168930
Extract | Full Text | PDF  

AL gif  HDL: Close to Our Memories?

Anatol Kontush and M. John Chapman
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1418-1420, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.169714
Extract | Full Text | PDF  

 

Integrative Physiology/Experimental MedicineBack

AL gif  Mertk Receptor Mutation Reduces Efferocytosis Efficiency and Promotes Apoptotic Cell Accumulation and Plaque Necrosis in Atherosclerotic Lesions of Apoe–/– Mice

Edward Thorp, Dongying Cui, Dorien M. Schrijvers, George Kuriakose, and Ira Tabas
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1421-1428; published online before print May 1 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167197
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement  

AL gif  Defective Mer Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling in Bone Marrow Cells Promotes Apoptotic Cell Accumulation and Accelerates Atherosclerosis

Hafid Ait-Oufella, Vahid Pouresmail, Tabassome Simon, Olivier Blanc-Brude, Kiyoka Kinugawa, Régine Merval, Georges Offenstadt, Guy Lesèche, Philip L. Cohen, Alain Tedgui, and Ziad Mallat
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1429-1431; published online before print May 8 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.169078
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
To study the role of mertk in atherosclerosis, we irradiated and reconstituted female ldlr-/- mice with either a mertk+/+ or mertk-/- bone marrow. The mice were put on high-fat diet. Mertk deficiency led to increased accumulation of apoptotic cells, promoted a proinflammatory immune response, and accelerated lesion development.  

TH gif  Role of Advanced Glycation End Products With Oxidative Stress in Resistance Artery Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Jun Su, Pamela A. Lucchesi, Romer A. Gonzalez-Villalobos, Desiree I. Palen, Bashir M. Rezk, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Hamid A. Boulares, and Khalid Matrougui
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1432-1438; published online before print May 15 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167205
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation and vasculopathy. We provide evidence of a link between AGEs, oxidative stress, and resistance artery endothelial cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice. Thus, AGEs and oxidative stress may be a potential target for overcoming diabetic microvessels complications.  

AL gif  Lentiviral Transduction of ApoAI Into Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells and Macrophages: Applications to Cell Therapy of Atherosclerosis

Yan Ru Su, John L. Blakemore, Youmin Zhang, MacRae F. Linton, and Sergio Fazio
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1439-1446; published online before print May 22 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160093
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
Lentivirus-mediated transduction of apoAI increased cholesterol efflux and upregulated ABCA1 and ABCG1 in wild-type and apoE-/- macrophages. Transplantation of apoAI-expressing HPCs into apoE-/- mice reduced foam cell formation. Thus, arterial expression of apoAI in macrophages can be a useful tool for cell therapy of atherosclerosis.  

TH gif  RNA Interference for Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 Attenuates Neointimal Formation in Balloon Injured Rat Carotid Artery

Kou-Gi Shyu, Bao-Wei Wang, Peiliang Kuan, and Hang Chang
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1447-1453; published online before print May 22 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.165993
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
DDR2 increases migration and proliferation of SMCs in vitro, and expression of DDR2 in carotid artery significantly increases after balloon injury. DDR2 siRNA attenuates neointimal formation after carotid injury. DDR2 may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of neointimal thickening after mechanical injury.  

TH gif  Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Subtypes Differentially Regulate Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype

Brian R. Wamhoff, Kevin R. Lynch, Timothy L. Macdonald, and Gary K. Owens
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1454-1461; published online before print June 5 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159392
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
S1P receptors are differentially regulated in response to vascular injury. Pharmacologically blocking S1P1 and S1P3 receptors in vivo attenuates balloon injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. In vitro, S1P stimulates SMC proliferation through S1P1/S1P3 and negatively regulates SM{alpha}-actin and SMMHC gene expression whereas S1P2 positively regulates SM{alpha}-actin and SMMHC through a Ca2+-sensitive, RhoA/ROK, SRF-dependent pathway.  

TH gif  Arteriolar Genesis and Angiogenesis Induced by Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Overexpression Results in a Mature Vasculature

Andrew V. Benest, Oliver A. Stone, William H. Miller, Colin P. Glover, James B. Uney, Andrew H. Baker, Steven J. Harper, and David O. Bates
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1462-1468; published online before print May 22 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.169375
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
Generation of contractile microvessels (arteriogenesis) is required for the development of therapeutic angiogenic strategies. Here we show that this can be achieved by combining growth factors (VEGF and Ang1) with vasodilators (eNOS overexpression or prazosin), providing an additional strategy for neovascular gene therapy.  

TH gif  Identification of a Core Set of 58 Gene Transcripts With Broad and Specific Expression in the Microvasculature

Elisabet Wallgard, Erik Larsson, Liqun He, Mats Hellström, Annika Armulik, Maya H. Nisancioglu, Guillem Genove, Per Lindahl, and Christer Betsholtz
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1469-1476; published online before print May 15 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.165738
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement  

TH gif  Direct Treatment of Mouse or Human Blood With Soluble 5'-Nucleotidase Inhibits Platelet Aggregation

Melanie L. Hart, David Köhler, Tobias Eckle, Doris Kloor, Gregory L. Stahl, and Holger K. Eltzschig
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1477-1483; published online before print May 29 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.169219
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
Previous studies suggest 5'-NT may be clinically beneficial. We demonstrated that 5'-NT treatment inhibits platelet aggregation via increasing adenosine through adenosine receptor signaling. 5'-NT may be an additional therapeutic for treatment of excessive aggregation or thrombosis.  

 

Cell Biology/SignalingBack

TH gif   A Novel Variant in the Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor-1 Gene Is Associated With Increased Platelet Aggregability

J. Enrique Herrera-Galeano, Diane M. Becker, Alexander F. Wilson, Lisa R. Yanek, Paul Bray, Dhananjay Vaidya, Nauder Faraday, and Lewis C. Becker
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1484-1490; published online before print May 29 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.168971
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
This study examined the association between genetic variants in platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1 (PEAR1) and platelet function in 1486 healthy individuals from families with premature CAD. The C allele of SNP rs2768759, in the promoter region, was common in whites and uncommon in blacks but was associated with greater platelet aggregation to collagen, epinephrine, and ADP in native platelets and after aspirin in both ethnic groups. PEAR1 appears to play an important role in platelet function.  

TH gif  Monocyte Functional Responsiveness After PSGL-1–Mediated Platelet Adhesion Is Dependent on Platelet Activation Status

Stylianos Bournazos, Jillian Rennie, Simon P. Hart, Keith A.A. Fox, and Ian Dransfield
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1491-1498; published online before print May 22 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167601
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
We investigated the functional consequences of P-selectin-dependent adhesion of minimally activated and thrombin-activated platelets to monocytes in terms of cell surface receptor expression, cytokine production, NF-{kappa}B activation, and engagement of apoptotic programs. Our data clearly suggest that platelet-monocyte interactions may represent a physiological process with little impact on monocyte behavior.  

TH gif   Dynamic Tyrosine Kinase-Regulated Signaling and Actin Polymerisation Mediate Aggregate Stability Under Shear

Jocelyn M. Auger and Steve P. Watson
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1499-1504; published online before print June 5 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167296
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
We have investigated aggregate stability on collagen under shear. Stable platelet aggregates form when whole blood is flowed over collagen, and a novel fibrin-independent mechanism of retraction enhances stability. Maintenance of stable compact aggregates is a dynamic process mediated by Src kinases and actin polymerization, which prevent loss of platelets.  

TH gif  Myocardin Is Sufficient for a Smooth Muscle-Like Contractile Phenotype

Xiaochun Long, Robert D. Bell, William T. Gerthoffer, Berislav V. Zlokovic, and Joseph M. Miano
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1505-1510; published online before print May 1 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.166066
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
Though Myocd activates cardiac and smooth muscle genes, which cell type is conferred physiologically is unclear. We show Myocd overexpression is sufficient for structural and functional attributes of the smooth muscle contractile phenotype. Such studies have implications for understanding and treating a variety of smooth muscle-associated diseases where the normal contractile phenotype is destabilized.  

TH gif  Aldosterone and Angiotensin II Synergistically Stimulate Migration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Through c-Src-Regulated Redox-Sensitive RhoA Pathways

A.C. Montezano, G.E. Callera, A. Yogi, Y. He, R.C. Tostes, G. He, E.L. Schiffrin, and R.M. Touyz
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1511-1518; published online before print May 8 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.168021
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
We questioned whether synergism between aldosterone and Ang II involves c-Src in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Findings show that Aldo/Ang II synergistically phosphorylate c-Src through EGFR and PDGF transactivation, an effect associated with activation of redox-regulated RhoA/Rho kinase-mediated VSMC migration. Our findings highlight the importance of c-Src in redox-sensitive RhoA, but not ERK1/2 signaling. Aldo/Ang II blockade may be useful in treating vascular remodeling associated with abnormal VSMC migration.  

TH gif  Sphingomyelin Synthase 2 Deficiency Attenuates NF{kappa}B Activation

Tiruneh K. Hailemariam, Chongmin Huan, Jing Liu, Zhiqiang Li, Christopher Roman, Michael Kalbfeisch, Hai H. Bui, David A. Peake, Ming-Shang Kuo, Guoqing Cao, Raj Wadgaonkar, and Xian-Cheng Jiang
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1519-1526; published online before print June 19 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.168682
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement  

TH gif  Counter Regulatory Effects of PKCβII and PKC{delta} on Coronary Endothelial Permeability

Nathalie Gaudreault, Rachel M. Perrin, Mingzang Guo, Chase P. Clanton, Mack H. Wu, and Sarah Y. Yuan
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1527-1533; published online before print May 22 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.166975
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement  

AL gif  GRP78 Upregulation by Atheroprone Shear Stress Via p38-, {alpha}2β1-Dependent Mechanism in Endothelial Cells

Ryan E. Feaver, Nicole E. Hastings, Andrew Pryor, and Brett R. Blackman
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1534-1541; published online before print June 12 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167999
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
ER stress marker GRP78 is associated with atherosclerosis, but its regulation by shear stress has not been established. GRP78 and activation of the ERSE promoter was found to be upregulated by atheroprone flow in a manner dependent on p38 and {alpha}2β1. This may provide a compensatory atheroprotective effect to reduce ER stress in atherosclerotic lesions.  

AL gif  HDL-Associated Lysosphingolipids Inhibit NAD(P)H Oxidase-Dependent Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Production

Markus Tölle, Alicja Pawlak, Miriam Schuchardt, Akira Kawamura, Uwe J. Tietge, Stefan Lorkowski, Petra Keul, Gerd Assmann, Jerold Chun, Bodo Levkau, Markus van der Giet, and Jerzy-Roch Nofer
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1542-1548; published online before print May 15 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.161042
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
HDL inhibits thrombin-induced production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in vascular smooth muscle cells and aortas. The reduced MCP-1 production is associated with inhibition of reactive oxygen species, NAD(P)H oxidase, and Rac-1, is not observed in aortas from S1P3-/- and SR-B1-/- mice, and is emulated by HDL-associated sphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingosylphosphoryl-choline.  

TH gif  Soluble P-Selectin, SELP Polymorphisms, and Atherosclerotic Risk in European-American and African-African Young Adults: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Alexander P. Reiner, Christopher S. Carlson, Bharat Thyagarajan, Mark J. Rieder, Joseph F. Polak, David S. Siscovick, Deborah A. Nickerson, David R. Jacobs, Jr, and Myron D. Gross
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1549-1555; published online before print June 5 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.169532
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Data Supplement
Common SELP polymorphisms were associated with soluble P-selectin and carotid wall thickness in young adults, but the patterns of association differed between European-Americans and African-Americans. These results support the role of P-selectin in the preclinical stages of atherosclerosis.  

AL gif  Low HDL Cholesterol Is a Risk Factor for Deficit and Decline in Memory in Midlife: The Whitehall II Study

Archana Singh-Manoux, David Gimeno, Mika Kivimaki, Eric Brunner, and Michael G. Marmot
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1556-1562; published online before print June 30 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.163998
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
We examined the relationship between fasting serum lipids and short-term verbal memory in middle-aged adults. Low HDL cholesterol and decreasing levels over a 5-year follow-up period were associated with poor memory and decline in memory, respectively. No other lipid that was tested was associated with memory.  

 

Clinical and Population StudiesBack

AL gif  Femoral Plaques Confound the Association of Circulating Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein With Carotid Atherosclerosis in a General Population Aged 35 to 55 Years: The Asklepios Study

Michel R. Langlois, Ernst R. Rietzschel, Marc L. De Buyzere, Dirk De Bacquer, Sofie Bekaert, Victor Blaton, Guy G. De Backer, Thierry C. Gillebert on behalf of the Asklepios Investigators
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1563-1568; published online before print May 29 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167346
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
In the Asklepios cohort of 2524 asymptomatic subjects (35 to 55 years), we evaluated the relationship of circulating oxLDL with carotid and femoral intima-media thickness and plaques. oxLDL was highest in subjects with femoral atherosclerosis and in those with concomitant carotid and femoral lesions. Femoral plaques was the sole echographic variable independently related to oxLDL.  

AL gif  Genetic Variants of Y Chromosome Are Associated With a Protective Lipid Profile in Black Men

Paola Russo, Alfonso Siani, Michelle A. Miller, Sharada Karanam, Teresa Esposito, Fernando Gianfrancesco, Gianvincenzo Barba, Fabio Lauria, Pasquale Strazzullo, and Francesco P. Cappuccio
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1569-1574; published online before print May 29 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.168641
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
The study evaluated the association of genetic variants of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome with cardiovascular risk factors in different ethnic groups. The most frequently observed haplotype in black people was associated with a favorable lipoprotein pattern, thus contributing to the lower rate of cardiovascular diseases in blacks.  

 

Letters to the EditorBack

AL gif  Caution on the Interpretation of Plasma Fatty Acid Composition as a Proxy Marker for SCD1 Activity: Particular Implications for Using the 16:1/16:0 Ratio in QTL Studies Involving Hyperlipidemic Patients

Fredrik Karpe and Leanne Hodson
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:e152, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.167718
Extract | Full Text | PDF  

AL gif  Caution on the Interpretation of Plasma Fatty Acid Composition as a Proxy Marker for SCD1 Activity: Particular Implications for Using the 16:1/16:0 Ratio in QTL Studies Involving Hyperlipidemic Patients

Jake Lusis and Rebecca A. Mar-Heyming
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:e153, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.170043
Extract | Full Text | PDF  

 

CorrectionsBack

Correction


Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:e154, doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000326504.39922.ef
Extract | Full Text | PDF  

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