Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology -- Table of Contents (28 [3])

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Volume 28, Issue 3; March 1, 2008

Editorials
Brief Reviews
Integrative Physiology/Experimental Medicine
Venous Thromboembolism: Mechanisms, Treatment and Public Awareness
Translational Therapeutics at the Platelet Vascular Interface: A CME-Certified Activity
Cell Biology/Signaling
Clinical and Population Studies
Letters to the Editor

Key: VB = Vascular Biology AL = Atherosclerosis/Lipoproteins TH = Thrombosis

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	Editorials
	Wnt Pathway: A New Role in Regulation of Inflammation Sarah Jane George Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:400-402, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160952 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Brief Reviews
	Cell Adhesion Mechanisms in Platelets David Varga-Szabo, Irina Pleines, and Bernhard Nieswandt Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:403-412; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.150474 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF At sites of vascular injury, platelets attach to the exposed extracellular matrix by a complex series of events involving different receptors and their signaling pathways, most notably the vWF receptor GPIb-V-IX and the collagen receptor GPVI, which induce the activation of β1 and β3 integrins and subsequent firm adhesion.
	Integrative Physiology/Experimental Medicine
	Iliac Venous Stenting: Antithrombotic Efficacy of PD0348292, an Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor, Compared With Antiplatelet Agents in Pigs Robert D. McBane, II, Robert J. Leadley, Jr, Sangita M. Baxi, Krzysztof Karnicki, and Waldemar Wysokinski Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:413-418; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.158691 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Material In a porcine model of iliac venous stenting, the oral direct Factor Xa inhibitor PD0348292 promptly and completely inhibited thrombosis. Aspirin or clopidogrel had no significant effect on stent thrombosis, indicating that platelet accretion in these thrombi appear to involve pathways distinct from arachidonate metabolism or ADP P2Y12 receptor activation.
	Correction of Bleeding Symptoms in von Willebrand Factor–Deficient Mice by Liver-Expressed von Willebrand Factor Mutants Isabelle Marx, Peter J. Lenting, Thure Adler, Ronan Pendu, Olivier D. Christophe, and Cécile V. Denis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:419-424; published online before print January 10 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159442 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials To study von Willebrand factor (vWF) structure-function relationship in vivo, we have expressed wild-type and mutant vWF by hydrodynamic injection in vWF-deficient mice. Wild-type vWF and vWF carrying mutations in its collagen and platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIbIIIa binding sites were able to correct bleeding symptoms in the knockout mice.
	Evaluation of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Atherosclerosis Using a Novel Noninvasive Imaging Approach Eric Lancelot, Vardan Amirbekian, Irène Brigger, Jean-Sébastien Raynaud, Sébastien Ballet, Christelle David, Olivier Rousseaux, Soizic Le Greneur, Marc Port, Henri R. Lijnen, Patrick Bruneval, Jean-Baptiste Michel, Tanja Ouimet, Bernard Roques, Smbat Amirbekian, Fabien Hyafil, Esad Vucic, Juan Gilberto S. Aguinaldo, Claire Corot, and Zahi A. Fayad Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:425-432; published online before print February 7 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.149666 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials Noninvasively assessing MMPs in atherosclerosis may aid in evaluating plaque stability. In controlled experiments we tested the molecular MRI probe, P947, which specifically targets MMPs. We showed that P947 significantly improved the ability of MRI to delineate atherosclerosis and was associated with higher uptake in MMP-rich versus MMP-poor human plaques.
	Galectin-3 Is an Amplifier of Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression Through Macrophage Activation And Monocyte Chemoattraction Marianna Papaspyridonos, Eileen McNeill, Joe P. de Bono, Alberto Smith, Kevin G. Burnand, Keith M. Channon, and David R. Greaves Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:433-440; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159160 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Data Supplement Galectin-3 was upregulated in advanced human and murine ApoE-/- atherosclerotic plaques. Mediators released in response to Gal-3 treatment in macrophages increased monocyte chemotaxis, and microarray analysis confirmed the upregulation of several key chemoattractant molecules. Gal-3 is an amplifier of inflammation that could be used as a marker of atherosclerotic plaque progression or target for atherosclerosis.
	CaMKII- ${delta}$ Isoform Regulation of Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury Suzanne J. House and Harold A. Singer Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:441-447; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.156810 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials We observed CaMKII isoform modulation in rat carotid artery in response to vascular injury. Attenuating CaMKII{delta}2 upregulation using siRNA significantly decreased neointima formation and adventitial thickening. This finding is significant in that it provides a link whereby alterations in Ca2+ signaling directly contribute to vascular injury and disease.
	Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 Is Required for an LXR Agonist to Raise Plasma HDL Cholesterol in Mice Weiqing Tang, Yinyan Ma, Lin Jia, Yiannis A. Ioannou, Joanna P. Davies, and Liqing Yu Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:448-454; published online before print January 10 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160465 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials T0901317 increased fecal cholesterol excretion but failed to raise plasma HDL cholesterol in mice lacking NPC1L1. Because NPC1L1 is essential for cholesterol absorption and exclusively expressed in intestine in mice, this finding suggests that intestinal cholesterol absorption is required for an LXR agonist to raise plasma HDL cholesterol in mice.
	In Vivo Arterial Lipoprotein Lipase Expression Augments Inflammatory Responses and Impairs Vascular Dilatation Mayumi Takahashi, Yaeko Hiyama, Masayoshi Yokoyama, Shuiqing Yu, Yunying Hu, Kristan Melford, André Bensadoun, and Ira J. Goldberg Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:455-462; published online before print February 7 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.153239 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials Expressing human lipoprotein lipase (LpL) in endothelial cells allows for survival of LpL knockout mice. Although under control conditions, expression of this transgene did not alter inflammatory gene expression in arteries, after TNF-{alpha} treatment there was greater expression of inflammatory molecules and reduced arterial vasodilatation.
	Oxidant Generation Predominates Around Calcifying Foci and Enhances Progression of Aortic Valve Calcification Marcel Liberman, Estêvão Bassi, Marina Kamla Martinatti, Fábio Cerqueira Lario, João Wosniak, Jr, Pablo M.A. Pomerantzeff, and Francisco R.M. Laurindo Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:463-470; published online before print December 27 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.156745 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials We investigated whether oxidants contribute to aortic valve (AV) calcification/stenosis progression. In rabbit model and human AV stenosis, superoxide and NADPH oxidase subunits strongly increased around AV-calcifying foci. Nox4mRNA was increased. Lipoic acid decreased, whereas tempol increased calcification progression in vivo and in vitro. Hydrogen peroxide was implicated in calcification progression.
	Venous Thromboembolism: Mechanisms, Treatment and Public Awareness
	Venous Thromboembolism: A Need for More Public Awareness and Research Into Mechanisms Stephan Moll and Nigel Mackman Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:367-369, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.163097 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	The Epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolism in the Community John A. Heit Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:370-372, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162545 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	A Clinical Perspective of Venous Thromboembolism Stephan Moll Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:373-379, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162818 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	New Anticoagulants for Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism Peter L. Gross and Jeffrey I. Weitz Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:380-386, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162677 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Mechanisms of Venous Thrombosis and Resolution Thomas W. Wakefield, Daniel D. Myers, and Peter K. Henke Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:387-391, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162289 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Programs for Deep Vein Thrombosis Rebecca P. Link Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:392-393, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162461 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	CDC Division of Blood Disorders: Public Health Research Activities in Venous Thromboembolism Michele G. Beckman, Sara E. Critchley, W. Craig Hooper, Althea M. Grant, and Roshni Kulkarni Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:394-395, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162453 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Patient Advocacy to Promote Public Awareness About Thrombosis and Thrombophilia Randolph Fenninger Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:396-397, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.161802 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Awareness and Politics of Venous Thromboembolism in the United Kingdom Beverley J. Hunt Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:398-399, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162586 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Translational Therapeutics at the Platelet Vascular Interface: A CME-Certified Activity
	CME Information and Table of Contents. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s0-s2, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162701 PDF
	Introduction Garret A. FitzGerald Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s3-s4, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162198 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Platelets: Inflammatory Firebugs of Vascular Walls Andreas E. May, Peter Seizer, and Meinrad Gawaz Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s5-s10; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.158915 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Oxidative Stress and Platelets Jane E. Freedman Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s11-s16; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159178 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Signal-Dependent Protein Synthesis by Activated Platelets: New Pathways to Altered Phenotype and Function Guy A. Zimmerman and Andrew S. Weyrich Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s17-s24, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160218 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Aspirin: Promise and Resistance in the New Millennium Carlo Patrono and Bianca Rocca Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s25-s32; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160481 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	P2Y₁₂ Antagonism: Promises and Challenges Alan D. Michelson Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s33-s38; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160689 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Translational Therapeutics of Dipyridamole Hyung-Hwan Kim and James K. Liao Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s39-s42; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160226 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Novel Therapeutic Targets at the Platelet Vascular Interface Lawrence F. Brass, Li Zhu, and Timothy J. Stalker Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s43-s50; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.161026 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Summary Garret A. FitzGerald Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s51-s52, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162206 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	CME Post-Test, Evaluation, and Request for Credit. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s53-s56, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162784 PDF
	Cell Biology/Signaling
	Evidence for the Involvement of miRNA in Redox Regulated Angiogenic Response of Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells Shani Shilo, Sashwati Roy, Savita Khanna, and Chandan K. Sen Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:471-477; published online before print February 7 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160655 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials A Dicer knockdown approach was used to test the significance of miRNA in regulating the redox state and angiogenic response of human microvascular endothelial cells. This study provides the first evidence that p47phox function and redox signaling in human endothelial cells is subject to regulation by miRNA.
	Alternative Splicing of Vasohibin-1 Generates an Inhibitor of Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Capillary Tube Formation Johann Kern, Monika Bauer, Kathrin Rychli, Johann Wojta, Andreas Ritsch, Günther Gastl, Eberhard Gunsilius, and Gerold Untergasser Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:478-484; published online before print January 10 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160432 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials Alternative splicing of the Vasohibin (VASH1) pre-mRNA transcript in endothelial cells generates a potent antiangiogenic protein (VASH1B). VASH1B is predominantly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm and inhibits proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human endothelial cells in vitro and vessel growth in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane in vivo.
	Critical Role of Lipid Raft Redox Signaling Platforms in Endostatin-Induced Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction Si Jin, Yang Zhang, Fan Yi, and Pin-Lan Li Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:485-490; published online before print December 27 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159772 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials Besides its proapototic effects, EST is also able to induce endothelial dysfunction. This early-stage action of EST is associated with LR clustering and consequent assembling and activation of NADPH oxidase.
	Upregulation of Pentraxin-3 in Human Endothelial Cells After Lysophosphatidic Acid Exposure Cindy Gustin, Edouard Delaive, Marc Dieu, Damien Calay, and Martine Raes Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:491-497; published online before print December 27 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.158642 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials Starting from a 2D-gel analytical approach, we demonstrated a LPA-induced pentraxin-3 overexpression in endothelial cells. LPA- but also oxLDL-induced pentraxin-3 upregulation was reduced in the presence of an antagonist of the LPA-receptors and was largely dependent on NF{kappa}B activation. Finally, we demonstrated the chemotactic activity of pentraxin-3 on monocytes THP-1.
	In Human Macrophages the Complement Component C5a Induces the Expression of Oncostatin M via AP-1 Activation Stefan P. Kastl, Walter S. Speidl, Christoph Kaun, Katharina M. Katsaros, Gersina Rega, Taras Afonyushkin, Valery N. Bochkov, Peter Valent, Afshin Assadian, Georg W. Hagmueller, Martina Hoeth, Rainer de Martin, Yongsheng Ma, Gerald Maurer, Kurt Huber, and Johann Wojta Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:498-503; published online before print January 10 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160580 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF C5a increased the expression of the gp130 ligand oncostatin-M (OSM) in monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, and plaque macrophages through the C5a receptor and through a putative AP-1 site in the OSM promoter. This link between the complement system and the gp130 system might impact on the pathology of inflammatory diseases.
	Wnt5A/CaMKII Signaling Contributes to the Inflammatory Response of Macrophages and Is a Target for the Antiinflammatory Action of Activated Protein C and Interleukin-10 Claudia Pereira, Dominik J. Schaer, Esther B. Bachli, Michael O. Kurrer, and Gabriele Schoedon Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:504-510; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.157438 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials Gene expression profiling in human macrophages exposed to LPS and INF-{gamma} in the presence or absence of recombinant APC or IL-10 identified Wnt5A as one of the most prominently regulated transcripts by these mediators. Wnt5A is critically involved in inflammatory macrophage signaling in sepsis.
	Human C-Reactive Protein Activates Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells and Induces Dendritic Cell-Mediated T-Cell Activation Emily A. Van Vré, Hidde Bult, Vicky Y. Hoymans, Viggo F.I. Van Tendeloo, Christiaan J. Vrints, and Johan M. Bosmans Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:511-518; published online before print January 24 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.157016 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials C-reactive protein (CRP), a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), was tested as modulator of dendritic cells (DCs). Exposure to CRP induced DC activation, DC-mediated T-cell proliferation, and IFN-{gamma} production. Immunohistochemistry could demonstrate DC/CRP colocalization in human plaques. This suggests that CRP in CVD patients can influence DC function during atherogenesis.
	C-Reactive Protein Inhibits Cholesterol Efflux From Human Macrophage-Derived Foam Cells Xinwen Wang, Dan Liao, Uddalak Bharadwaj, Min Li, Qizhi Yao, and Changyi Chen Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:519-526; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159467 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials The objective of this study was to determine the effects and potential mechanisms of C-reactive protein (CRP) on cholesterol efflux from human macrophage foam cells, which may play a critical role in atherogenesis. CRP inhibits cholesterol efflux from human foam cells derived from THP-1 and PBMCs in vitro though oxidative stress, ERK1/2 activation, and downregulation of intracellular cholesterol transport molecules ABCA-1 and ABCG-1.
	Laminar Shear Stress Regulates Liver X Receptor in Vascular Endothelial Cells Minjia Zhu, Yi Fu, Yingjian Hou, Nanping Wang, Youfei Guan, Chaoshu Tang, John Y.-J. Shyy, and Yi Zhu Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:527-533; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.143487 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF The expression of LXRs and their target genes was increased in the atheroprotective area of mouse aorta and in endothelial cells under a laminar flow in vitro. This effect was attenuated by inhibitions of LXR{alpha}, CYP27, and PPAR{gamma}. Thus, laminar flow increases LXR function via a PPAR{gamma}-CYP27-dependent mechanism.
	Transcriptional Inhibition of Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Expression by Prostacyclin in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Robert Pape, Bernhard H. Rauch, Anke C. Rosenkranz, Gernot Kaber, and Karsten Schrör Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:534-540; published online before print December 27 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159483 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials PAR-1 mediates thrombin-induced mitogenesis in vascular SMCs. This study reports transcriptional downregulation of PAR-1 by the PGI2 mimetic iloprost at low nanomolar concentrations in human vascular SMCs. This may be relevant for the vascular response to injury in vivo to control thrombin-induced neointima formation.
	Oleate Induces a Myofibroblast-Like Phenotype in Mesangial Cells Rangnath Mishra and Michael S. Simonson Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:541-547; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.157339 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF Here, we demonstrate that the free fatty acid oleate induces a myofibroblast phenotype in microvascular pericytes. This oleate-induced conversion suggests a mechanism whereby elevated free fatty acids could affect a profibrotic shift in pericyte phenotype and microvascular remodeling.
	Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Polymorphism (4G/5G) Predicts Recurrence in Nonhyperlipidemic Postinfarction Patients James P. Corsetti, Dan Ryan, Arthur J. Moss, David L. Rainwater, Wojciech Zareba, and Charles E. Sparks Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:548-554; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.155556 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF To provide information generally not available regarding recurrent risk beyond incident myocardial infarction in nonhyperlipidemic postinfarction patients, 37 genetic markers and 17 blood markers associated with CVD were assessed for risk using multivariable modeling. Only the 4G/5G polymorphism in the PAI-1 promoter region was associated with risk.
	Clinical and Population Studies
	Individual Heterogeneity in Platelet Response to Lysophosphatidic Acid: Evidence for a Novel Inhibitory Pathway Zehra Pamuklar, Jin Sun Lee, Hsin-Yuan Cheng, Manikandan Panchatcharam, Steve Steinhubl, Andrew J. Morris, Richard Charnigo, and Susan S. Smyth Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:555-561; published online before print January 17 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.151837 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials The bioactive lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid stimulates actin reorganization and aggregation of human platelets. We report that LPA may trigger an inhibitory response in platelets from {approx}20% of healthy individuals. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the presence of coronary artery disease may attenuate this inhibitory pathway.
	Association Between ADAMTS1 Matrix Metalloproteinase Gene Variation, Coronary Heart Disease, and Benefit of Statin Therapy Marc S. Sabatine, Lynn Ploughman, Katy L. Simonsen, Olga A. Iakoubova, Todd G. Kirchgessner, Koustubh Ranade, Zenta Tsuchihashi, Kim E. Zerba, Diane U. Long, Carmen H. Tong, Christopher J. Packard, Marc A. Pfeffer, James J. Devlin, James Shepherd, Hannia Campos, Frank M. Sacks, and Eugene Braunwald Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:562-567; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.156653 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials In men not on pravastatin, those homozygous for the 227Pro allele of the ADAMTS1 metalloproteinase gene had a nearly 2-fold increased risk of death or MI compared with noncarriers. In this high-risk group, treatment with pravastatin was highly efficacious, reducing the odds of death or MI by approximately 75%, as compared with 25% in noncarriers or heterozygotes.
	Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Profiles and the Presence and Extent of Different Types of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque as Detected by Multidetector Computed Tomography Fabian Bamberg, Nina Dannemann, Michael D. Shapiro, Sujith K. Seneviratne, Maros Ferencik, Javed Butler, Wolfgang Koenig, Khurram Nasir, Ricardo C. Cury, Ahmed Tawakol, Stephan Achenbach, Thomas J. Brady, and Udo Hoffmann Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:568-574; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.155010 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials We assessed the association between cardiovascular risk factors and noncalcified- (NCAP) and calcified coronary atherosclerotic plaque (CAP). A small proportion of individuals have exclusively NCAP (6%) but the relation of NCAP and CAP changes with age. Only family history of CAD and hyperlipidemia may be associated with the extent of NCAP.
	Plasma Levels of HDL Subpopulations and Remnant Lipoproteins Predict the Extent of Angiographically-Defined Coronary Artery Disease in Postmenopausal Women Stefania Lamon-Fava, David M. Herrington, David M. Reboussin, Michelle Sherman, Katalin V. Horvath, L. Adrienne Cupples, Charles White, Serkalem Demissie, Ernst J. Schaefer, and Bela F. Asztalos Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:575-579; published online before print January 3 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.157123 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF We measured plasma levels of remnant lipoproteins and HDL subpopulations in 256 postmenopausal women with angiographic evidence of coronary heart disease. The degree of coronary atherosclerosis was positively associated with both remnant lipoprotein levels and preβ1 HDL levels and inversely associated with {alpha}2 HDL levels, but not with TG or HDL cholesterol. Subpopulations of TG-rich and HDL lipoproteins are better predictors of CHD severity than TG and HDL-cholesterol levels.
	Femoral Atherosclerosis In Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Influence Of The Genetic Defect Mireia Junyent, Rosa Gilabert, Daniel Zambón, Miguel Pocoví, Miguel Mallén, Montserrat Cofán, Isabel Núñez, Fernando Civeira, Diego Tejedor, and Emilio Ros Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:580-586; published online before print December 20 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.153841 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials Femoral intima-media thickness (IMT) was assessed in 146 patients with molecularly defined familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and 193 controls. IMT was increased in FH patients versus controls. Compared with receptor-defective or APOB defects, receptor-negative genotype showed higher IMT, independently of LDL cholesterol. Genetic testing is useful in FH beyond securing diagnosis.
	Elevated Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Activity and Perturbed Thiol Profile Are Associated With Features of Metabolic Syndrome Philippe Giral, Nelly Jacob, Caroline Dourmap, Boris Hansel, Alain Carrié, Eric Bruckert, Xavier Girerd, and M. John Chapman Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:587-593; published online before print January 17 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.157891 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF We evaluated components of the plasma redox system in dyslipidemic patients with metabolic syndrome as a function of the number of qualifying criteria. Our findings suggest that metabolic syndrome is characterized by elevated GGT activity which is in turn associated with a cascade of abnormalities in the thiol redox system.
	Decreased Paraoxonase-2 Expression in Human Carotids During the Progression of Atherosclerosis Giuliana Fortunato, Maria Donata Di Taranto, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Luca Del Guercio, Francesca Carbone, Cristina Mazzaccara, Alberto Morgante, Francesco Paolo D’Armiento, Maria D’Armiento, Massimo Porcellini, Lucia Sacchetti, Giancarlo Bracale, and Francesco Salvatore Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:594-600; published online before print February 7 2008, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.154658 Abstract \| Full Text \| PDF \| Additional Materials We measured the expression of the PON2, 5-LO, and FLAP genes in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. PON2 mRNA and protein progressively decreased with plaque severity, whereas 5LO and FLAP mRNA increased. We also show that oxidative stress downregulates PON2 mRNA expression, thus suggesting its role in atherosclerotic process.
	Letters to the Editor
	Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Serum Do Not Reflect the Analytes Circulating in Blood Klaus Jung Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:e15-e16; published online before print November 29 2007, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.158790 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Serum Do Not Reflect the Analytes Circulating in Blood A.M. Tuomainen, K. Nyyssönen, T. Tervahartiala, T. Sorsa, and P.J. Pussinen Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:e17, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159277 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Dual Therapy With Statins and Antioxidants Is Superior to Statins Alone in Decreasing the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a Subgroup of Middle-Aged Individuals With Both Diabetes Mellitus and the Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype Shany Blum, Uzi Milman, Chen Shapira, Rachel Miller-Lotan, Lawrence Bennett, Maria Kostenko, Michele Landau, Shlomo Keidar, Yishai Levy, Alexander Khemlin, Arman Radan, and Andrew P. Levy Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:e18-e20, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.159905 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF
	Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Exhibit Diurnal Variation Honey E. Thomas, Rachael Redgrave, Michael S. Cunnington, Peter Avery, Bernard D. Keavney, and Helen M. Arthur Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:e21-e22, doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160317 Extract \| Full Text \| PDF

Spotlight

TOC Spotlight File

Volume 28, Issue 3; March 1, 2008

Key: VB = Vascular Biology AL = Atherosclerosis/Lipoproteins TH = Thrombosis

Editorials

Wnt Pathway: A New Role in Regulation of Inflammation

Brief Reviews

Cell Adhesion Mechanisms in Platelets

Integrative Physiology/Experimental Medicine

Iliac Venous Stenting: Antithrombotic Efficacy of PD0348292, an Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor, Compared With Antiplatelet Agents in Pigs

Correction of Bleeding Symptoms in von Willebrand Factor–Deficient Mice by Liver-Expressed von Willebrand Factor Mutants

Evaluation of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Atherosclerosis Using a Novel Noninvasive Imaging Approach

Galectin-3 Is an Amplifier of Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression Through Macrophage Activation And Monocyte Chemoattraction

CaMKII- Isoform Regulation of Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury

Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 Is Required for an LXR Agonist to Raise Plasma HDL Cholesterol in Mice

In Vivo Arterial Lipoprotein Lipase Expression Augments Inflammatory Responses and Impairs Vascular Dilatation

Oxidant Generation Predominates Around Calcifying Foci and Enhances Progression of Aortic Valve Calcification

Venous Thromboembolism: Mechanisms, Treatment and Public Awareness

Venous Thromboembolism: A Need for More Public Awareness and Research Into Mechanisms

The Epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolism in the Community

A Clinical Perspective of Venous Thromboembolism

New Anticoagulants for Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism

Mechanisms of Venous Thrombosis and Resolution

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Programs for Deep Vein Thrombosis

CDC Division of Blood Disorders: Public Health Research Activities in Venous Thromboembolism

Patient Advocacy to Promote Public Awareness About Thrombosis and Thrombophilia

Awareness and Politics of Venous Thromboembolism in the United Kingdom

Translational Therapeutics at the Platelet Vascular Interface: A CME-Certified Activity

CME Information and Table of Contents.

Introduction

Platelets: Inflammatory Firebugs of Vascular Walls

Oxidative Stress and Platelets

Signal-Dependent Protein Synthesis by Activated Platelets: New Pathways to Altered Phenotype and Function

Aspirin: Promise and Resistance in the New Millennium

P2Y12 Antagonism: Promises and Challenges

Translational Therapeutics of Dipyridamole

Novel Therapeutic Targets at the Platelet Vascular Interface

Summary

CME Post-Test, Evaluation, and Request for Credit.

Cell Biology/Signaling

Evidence for the Involvement of miRNA in Redox Regulated Angiogenic Response of Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Alternative Splicing of Vasohibin-1 Generates an Inhibitor of Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Capillary Tube Formation

Critical Role of Lipid Raft Redox Signaling Platforms in Endostatin-Induced Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction

Upregulation of Pentraxin-3 in Human Endothelial Cells After Lysophosphatidic Acid Exposure

In Human Macrophages the Complement Component C5a Induces the Expression of Oncostatin M via AP-1 Activation

Wnt5A/CaMKII Signaling Contributes to the Inflammatory Response of Macrophages and Is a Target for the Antiinflammatory Action of Activated Protein C and Interleukin-10

Human C-Reactive Protein Activates Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells and Induces Dendritic Cell-Mediated T-Cell Activation

C-Reactive Protein Inhibits Cholesterol Efflux From Human Macrophage-Derived Foam Cells

Laminar Shear Stress Regulates Liver X Receptor in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Transcriptional Inhibition of Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Expression by Prostacyclin in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Oleate Induces a Myofibroblast-Like Phenotype in Mesangial Cells

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Polymorphism (4G/5G) Predicts Recurrence in Nonhyperlipidemic Postinfarction Patients

Clinical and Population Studies

Individual Heterogeneity in Platelet Response to Lysophosphatidic Acid: Evidence for a Novel Inhibitory Pathway

Association Between ADAMTS1 Matrix Metalloproteinase Gene Variation, Coronary Heart Disease, and Benefit of Statin Therapy

Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Profiles and the Presence and Extent of Different Types of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque as Detected by Multidetector Computed Tomography

Plasma Levels of HDL Subpopulations and Remnant Lipoproteins Predict the Extent of Angiographically-Defined Coronary Artery Disease in Postmenopausal Women

Femoral Atherosclerosis In Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Influence Of The Genetic Defect

Elevated Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Activity and Perturbed Thiol Profile Are Associated With Features of Metabolic Syndrome

Decreased Paraoxonase-2 Expression in Human Carotids During the Progression of Atherosclerosis

Letters to the Editor

Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Serum Do Not Reflect the Analytes Circulating in Blood

Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Serum Do Not Reflect the Analytes Circulating in Blood

Dual Therapy With Statins and Antioxidants Is Superior to Statins Alone in Decreasing the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a Subgroup of Middle-Aged Individuals With Both Diabetes Mellitus and the Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype

Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Exhibit Diurnal Variation

Spotlight

CaMKII- ${delta}$ Isoform Regulation of Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury

P2Y₁₂ Antagonism: Promises and Challenges