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ATVB in Focus: Epigenetics of Cardiovascular Disease

Chromatin Modifications Associated With Diabetes and Obesity

Dustin E. Schones, Amy Leung, Rama Natarajan
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https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.305041
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2015;ATVBAHA.115.305041
Originally published June 4, 2015
Dustin E. Schones
From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA.
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Amy Leung
From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA.
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Rama Natarajan
From the Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA.
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Abstract

The incidence of obesity across the globe has doubled over the past several decades, leading to escalating rates of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and other complications. Given this dramatic rise in disease incidence, understanding the cause of these diseases is therefore of paramount importance. Metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, result from a multitude of genetic and environmental factors. Although the genetic basis of these diseases has been extensively studied, the molecular pathways whereby environmental factors influence disease progression are only beginning to be understood. One manner by which environmental factors can contribute to disease progression is through modifications to chromatin. The highly structured packaging of the genome into the nucleus through chromatin has been shown to be fundamental to tissue-specific gene regulation. Modifications to chromatin can regulate gene expression and are involved in a myriad of biological functions, and hence, disruption of these modifications is central to many human diseases. These modifications can furthermore be epigenetic in nature, thereby contributing to prolonged disease risk. Recent work has demonstrated that modifications to chromatin are associated with the progression of both diabetes mellitus and obesity, which is the subject of this review.

  • chromatin
  • diabetes mellitus
  • epigenomics
  • gene–environment interaction
  • obesity
  • Received March 27, 2015.
  • Accepted May 25, 2015.
  • © 2015 American Heart Association, Inc.
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    Chromatin Modifications Associated With Diabetes and Obesity
    Dustin E. Schones, Amy Leung and Rama Natarajan
    Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2015;ATVBAHA.115.305041, originally published June 4, 2015
    https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.305041

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    Chromatin Modifications Associated With Diabetes and Obesity
    Dustin E. Schones, Amy Leung and Rama Natarajan
    Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2015;ATVBAHA.115.305041, originally published June 4, 2015
    https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.305041
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