on March 22, 2007
Published online before print March 22, 2007, doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.140046
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Submitted on January 12, 2007
Accepted on March 1, 2007
Vascular Functions of the Plasminogen Activation System
William P. Fay *;
From Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Mo, and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Veterans Affairs Hospital, Columbia, Mo.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fayw{at}missouri.edu.
Abstract--The plasminogen activatior (PA) system, which controls the formation and activity of plasmin, plays a key role in modulating hemostasis, thrombosis, and several other biological processes. While a great deal is known about the function of the PA system, it remains a focus of intensive investigation, and the list of biological pathways and human diseases that are modulated by normal and pathologic function of its components continues to lengthen. Because of remarkable advances in molecular genetics, the laboratory mouse has become the most useful animal system to study the normal and pathologic functions of the PA system. The purpose of this review is to summarize studies that have used genetically modified mice to examine the functions of the PA system in hemostasis and thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury, and atherosclerosis. Particular emphasis is placed on the vascular functions of PA inhibitor-1, a key regulator of the PA system, and the multiple variables that appear to account for the complex role of PA inhibitor-1 in regulating vascular remodeling. Lastly, the strengths and limitations of using mice to model human vascular disease processes are discussed.
Key words: atherosclerosis • fibrinolysis • mouse • plasminogen • vascular remodeling
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