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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2005;25:1654.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.

Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-2 P12A Polymorphism and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in US Men and Women

Tobias Pischon; Jennifer K. Pai; JoAnn E. Manson; Frank B. Hu; Kathryn M. Rexrode; David Hunter; Eric B. Rimm

From the Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology (T.P., J.K.P., J.E.M., F.B.H., D.H., E.B.R.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass; the Division of Preventive Medicine (J.K.P., J.E.M., K.M.R.) and Channing Laboratory (F.B.H., D.H., E.B.R.), Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; and the Department of Epidemiology (T.P.), German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany.

Correspondence to Tobias Pischon, MD, MPH, Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbruecke Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 14558 Nuthetal, Germany. E-mail pischon{at}mail.dife.de

Objective— Activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (PPAR) improves insulin sensitivity and exerts antiatherogenic effects. A common alanine for proline substitution at codon 12 in the PPARG2 gene is related to lower receptor activity. Studies suggest that the A12 allele is associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes; however, data on the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) are scarce and controversial.

Methods and Results— We examined the relationship between PPARG2 P12A and CHD risk in women (Nurses’ Health Study) and men (Health Professionals Follow-Up Study) in nested case control settings. Among participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, 249 women and 266 men developed nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) or fatal CHD during 8 and 6 years of follow-up, respectively. Using risk-set sampling, controls were selected 2:1 matched on age, smoking, and date of blood draw. The relative risk (RR) of nonfatal MI or fatal CHD of carriers compared with noncarriers of the A12 allele was 1.17 (95% CI, 0.82 to 1.68) among women and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.00 to 2.07) among men (pooled RR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.00 to 1.67]). We found a significantly increased risk associated with the A12 allele among individuals with a body mass index 25 kg/m² (women: RR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.50; men: RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.92 to 2.60; pooled: RR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.50) but not among those <25 kg/m² (pooled RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.97; P heterogeneity overweight versus nonoverweight 0.16).

Conclusions— These data do not support the hypothesis that the A12 allele is associated with a decreased risk of CHD. The potential interaction between PPARG2 P12A, overweight, and increased CHD risk needs further evaluation.

This study did not find a decreased risk of CHD among carriers of the PPARG2 A12 allele in 2 nested case control studies of women and men. Overweight but not normal weight carriers of the A12 allele were at increased risk of CHD; however, these results require confirmation from future studies.

Key Words: genetics • epidemiology • coronary heart disease • polymorphism

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