Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2004;24:1367-1373
Published online before print May 27, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000133604.20182.cf
Published online before print May 27, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000133604.20182.cf
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.
Brief Reviews |
Vascular Protection
Superoxide Dismutase Isoforms in the Vessel Wall
From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Center, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.
Correspondence to Frank M. Faraci, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, E318-2 GH, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242-1081. E-mail frank-faraci{at}uiowa.edu
Series Editor: Frank M. Faraci
ATVB In Focus
Previous Brief Review in this Series:
•Wolfrum S. Jensen KS, Liao JK. Endothelium=dependent effects of statins. 2003;23:729–736.
•Frank PG, Woodman SE, Park DS, Lisanti MP. Caveolin, caveolae, and endothelial cell function. 2003;23:1161–1168.
•Katusic ZS, Caplice NM, Nath KA. Nitric oxide synthase gene transfer as a tool to study biology of endothelial cells. 2003;23:1990–1995.
Blood vessels express 3 isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD): cytosolic or copper-zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), manganese SOD (Mn-SOD) localized in mitochondria, and an extracellular form of CuZn-SOD (EC-SOD). Because there are no selective pharmacological inhibitors of individual SOD isoforms, the functional importance of the different SODs has been difficult to define. Recent molecular approaches, primarily the use of genetically-altered mice and viral-mediated gene transfer, have allowed investigators to begin to define the role of specific SOD isoforms in vascular biology. This review will focus mainly on the role of individual SODs in relation to endothelium under normal conditions and in disease states. This area is important because reactive oxygen species and superoxide anion are thought to play major roles in changes in vascular structure and function in pathophysiology.
Recent studies have begun to define the role of specific isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in vascular biology. This review focuses on the role of SODs in vessels in health and disease. This area is important because reactive oxygen species are thought to play a major role in vascular pathophysiology.
Key Words: reactive oxygen species • endothelium • nitric oxide • superoxide dismutase • peroxynitrite
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