Published online before print May 29, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000079011.67194.5A
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins |
High-Density Lipoprotein Stimulates Endothelial Cell Migration and Survival Through Sphingosine 1-Phosphate and Its Receptors
From the Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (T.K., K.S., E.M., H.T., K.T., F.O.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine (T.K., A.K., M.M.), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Correspondence to Fumikazu Okajima, Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan. E-mail fokajima{at}showa.gunma-u.ac.jp
Objective— Plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level is inversely correlated with the risk of atherosclerosis. However, the cellular mechanism by which HDL exerts antiatherogenic actions is not well understood. In this study, we focus on the lipid components of HDL as mediators of the lipoprotein-induced antiatherogenic actions.
Methods and Results— HDL and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) stimulated the migration and survival of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These responses to HDL and S1P were almost completely inhibited by pertussis toxin and other specific inhibitors for intracellular signaling pathways, although the inhibition profiles of migration and survival were different. The HDL-stimulated migration and survival of the cells were markedly inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides against the S1P receptors EDG-1/S1P1 and EDG-3/S1P3. Cell migration was sensitive to both receptors, but cell survival was exclusively sensitive to S1P1. The S1P-rich fraction and chromatographically purified S1P from HDL stimulated cell migration, but the rest of the fraction did not, as was the case of the cell survival.
Conclusions— HDL-induced endothelial cell migration and survival may be mediated by the lipoprotein component S1P and the lipid receptors S1P1 and S1P3.
Key Words: high-density lipoprotein • sphingosine 1-phosphate • migration • EDG • endothelial cell
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