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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2002;22:752.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.

Vascular Biology

Lysophosphatidylcholine Activates Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1/2 Through Reactive Oxygen Species in Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Tadashi Yamakawa; Shun-ichi Tanaka; Yuko Yamakawa; Junzo Kamei; Kotaro Numaguchi; Evangeline D. Motley; Tadashi Inagami; Satoru Eguchi

From the Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes (T.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan; Neurobiology of Aging Laboratories (S-i.T.), Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY; Department of Pathophysiology & Therapeutics (J.K.), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Anatomy and Physiology (E.D.M.), Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Biochemistry (T.Y., Y.Y., K.N., T.I., S.E.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn.

Correspondence to Tadashi Yamakawa, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan 232-0024. E-mail yamakat@ urahp.yokohama-cu.ac.jp

Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) acts on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to produce a mitogenic response through the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). In the present study, we examined the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lysoPC-stimulated ERK1/2 activation in cultured rat VSMCs. Treatment with lysoPC for 3 minutes caused a 2-fold increase in intracellular ROS that was blocked by the NADH/NADPH oxidase inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium (DPI). Antioxidants, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, glutathione monoester, or -tocopherol, inhibited ERK1/2 activation by lysoPC. Almost identical results were obtained in the VSMC line A10. Pretreatment of VSMCs with DPI but not allopurinol or potassium cyanide (KCN) abrogated the activation of ERK1/2. The Flag-tagged p47phox expressed in A10 cells was translocated from the cytosol to the membrane after 2 minutes of stimulation with lysoPC. The overexpression of dominant-negative p47phox in A10 cells suppressed lysoPC-induced ERK activation. The ROS-dependent ERK activation by lysoPC seems to involve protein kinase C- and Ras-dependent raf-1 activation. Induction of c-fos expression and enhanced AP-1 binding activity by lysoPC were also inhibited by DPI and NAC. Taken together, these data suggest that ROS generated by NADH/NADPH oxidase contribute to lysoPC-induced activation of ERK1/2 and subsequent growth promotion in VSMCs.

Key Words: vascular smooth muscle cells • lysophosphatidylcholine • extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 • reactive oxygen species • signal transduction

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