doi: 10.1161/hq0102.101819
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.
Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins |
Physical Activity May Modulate Effects of ApoE Genotype on Lipid Profile
From the Division d’Epidémiologie Clinique (M.S.B., M.C.C., A.M.), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, the Lipid Laboratory (R.W.J.), Clinical Diabetes Unit, Geneva University Hospital, and the Division de Génétique Médicale (M.A.M.), Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland, and INSERM U525 (F.C., S.R.), Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France.
Reprint requests to Dr Martine S. Bernstein, Division d’Epidémiologie Clinique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 25 rue Micheli-du-Crest, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. E-mail martine.bernstein{at}hcuge.ch
Increased levels of physical activity may improve the lipid profile, but is this effect identical across apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotypes? A population-based cross-sectional survey conducted from 1999 to 2000 included 1708 randomly selected men and women aged 35 to 74 years. A validated physical activity questionnaire measured, for each participant, the total energy expenditure and its percentage used in high-intensity activities (%high-intensity activity), eg, brisk walking and sports. The effects of the apoEx%high-intensity activity interaction on the lipid profile were investigated by using multiple linear regression models. Among men, increased %high-intensity activity had greater protective effects in the apoE4 group regarding (1) high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P<0.001), compared with either the apoE2 (interaction P=0.05) or apoE3 (interaction P<0.03) groups, and (2) triglycerides (P<0.03), compared with the apoE3 group (interaction P=0.07). A 10% increase of %high-intensity activity by an apoE4 man would correspond with a 0.07-mmol/L increase in HDL cholesterol and a -0.15-mmol/L decrease in triglycerides. Among women, only the protective effects of physical activity on HDL cholesterol in the apoE4 group versus the apoE2 group was statistically significant. Spending a larger fraction of the total energy expenditure in high-intensity activities may counteract the atherogenic effects of the 
4 allele on the lipid profile.
Key Words: apolipoprotein E • exercise • cholesterol • triglycerides • energy expenditure
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