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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2000;20:459.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.

Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins

The Arg123-Tyr166 Central Domain of Human ApoAI Is Critical for Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase–Induced Hyperalphalipoproteinemia and HDL Remodeling in Transgenic Mice

Paul Holvoet; Bart De Geest; Sophie Van Linthout; Marleen Lox; Sophie Danloy; Kathleen Raes; Désiré Collen

From the Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Correspondence to Paul Holvoet, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, O & N, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail paul.holvoet{at}med.kuleuven.ac.be

Abstract—High density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)–induced HDL remodeling were investigated in transgenic mice expressing human apolipoprotein (apo) AI or an apoAI/apoAII chimera in which the Arg123-Tyr166 domain of apoAI was substituted with the Ser12-Ala75 domain of apoAII. Expression of apoAI and of the apoAI/apoAII chimera resulted in a respective 3.5-fold and 2.9-fold increase of HDL cholesterol. Human LCAT gene transfer into apoAI-transgenic mice resulted in a 5.1-fold increase of endogenous LCAT activity. This increase was associated with a 2.4-fold increase of the cholesterol ester–to–free cholesterol ratio of HDL, a shift from HDL₃ to HDL₂, and a 2.4-fold increase of HDL cholesterol levels. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that human LCAT gene transfer into human apoAI–transgenic mice resulted in an increase of pre-ß-HDL and of pre--HDL. In contrast, human LCAT gene transfer did not affect cholesterol levels and HDL distribution profile in mice expressing the apoAI/apoAII chimera. Mouse LCAT did not "see" a difference between wild-type and mutant human apoAI, whereas human LCAT did, thus localizing the species-specific interaction in the central domain of apoAI. In conclusion, the Arg123-Tyr166 central domain of apoAI is not critical for in vivo lipoprotein association. It is, however, critical for LCAT-induced hyperalphalipoproteinemia and HDL remodeling independent of the lipid-binding properties of apoAI.

Key Words: transgenic mice • adenovirus • apoAI • LCAT • HDL remodeling

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