© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.
Thrombosis |
Impact of Adipose Tissue on Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Dieting Obese Women
ica T. Sento
nikFrom the University Medical Centre (A.M., M.S.), Department of Angiology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; the University of Vienna (M.S., M.K., M.G., B.R.B.), Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Vienna, Austria; and the Medical-Aestetic Centre (J.T.S.), Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Correspondence to Dr M. Stegnar, University Medical Centre, Department of, Angiology, Riharjeva 24, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. E-mail mojca.stegnar{at}trnovo.kclj.si
Abstract—The increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases in obese subjects could be partially attributed to impaired fibrinolysis due to elevated plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). The associations between changes in plasma PAI-1, metabolic variables, and adipose tissue during weight loss and regain were studied in 52 healthy, premenopausal, obese women participating in a weight reduction program with a hypocaloric diet. PAI-1, insulin, triglyceride, leptin, and adipsin levels were determined at entry, after the first week, after completion of the program, and after 5 months of follow-up. In the 33 obese women who completed the program, decreases in PAI-1 antigen (-54%), PAI activity (-74%), and leptin (-51%), but not of adipsin, were observed. Changes in PAI-1 were associated with changes in body mass index (BMI), body fat, leptin, and insulin. The decreased level of PAI-1 remained low after follow-up in the 14 women who maintained their reduced weight but increased in the 16 women who regained weight. This increase in PAI-1 was correlated with an increase in body fat and leptin. On multivariate analysis, BMI was the major determinant of PAI-1 level. In conclusion, during weight reduction with a hypocaloric diet, the decrease in PAI-1 is more closely related to changes in adipose tissue than to changes in metabolic variables, suggesting a significant role for adipose tissue in regulating plasma levels of PAI-1.
Key Words: adipose tissue • adipsin • diet • leptin • plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
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