© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Effects of Fish Oil on Oxidation Resistance of VLDL in Hypertriglyceridemic Patients
the Departments of General Internal Medicine (M.-F.H., A.H.M.S., A.J.G.H.B., E.J.G.S.), Cardiology (A. Van der L.), and Pediatrics (W.O.), University Hospital, and the Gaubius Laboratory/TNO-PG (W. van D., H.M.G.P.), Leiden, Netherlands.
Correspondence to A.H.M. Smelt, University Hospital Leiden, Department of General Internal Medicine, Bldg 1, B3-Q, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands.
In hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) patients the addition of fish oil to the diet causes a marked reduction in the concentration of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the serum. To investigate the effects of fish oil on the oxidation resistance of VLDL and LDL in HTG patients, nine male patients received 1 g/d fish oil (containing 55.7% n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs] and 1 U 
-tocopherol/g fish oil) for 6 weeks followed by 5 g/d fish oil for an additional 6 weeks. Cu2+-induced oxidation of VLDL and LDL was measured by continuous monitoring of conjugated dienes. Supplementation with 1 g/d fish oil caused hardly any changes in the n-3 PUFA content of lipoproteins or lipoprotein concentrations in serum. However, supplementation with 5 g/d fish oil resulted in a significant increase of n-3 PUFA content in VLDL (from 2.5% to 6.4% of total fatty acids) and LDL (from 3.2% to 6.4% of total fatty acids), decreases in serum triglyceride, VLDL triglyceride, and VLDL cholesterol concentrations of 54%, 56%, and 40%, respectively, and an increase in LDL cholesterol of 23%. The lag times of VLDL and LDL oxidation decreased from 197 to 140 minutes (-29%) and 101 to 86 minutes (-15%), respectively. At the end of the 5 g/d fish oil supplementation the lag times of VLDL and LDL oxidation were correlated with their respective n-3 PUFA content (r=-.67; P<.05 and r=-.79; P<.02, respectively). Before and at the end of supplementation with 5 g/d fish oil the lag times and propagation rates of VLDL oxidation also correlated with the total number of double bonds in all PUFAs of VLDL. We conclude that fish oil supplementation strongly reduces serum concentrations of total triglycerides, VLDL triglycerides, and VLDL cholesterol. However, in HTG patients fish oil supplementation increased the serum LDL cholesterol concentration and the susceptibility of VLDL and LDL to oxidation.
Key Words: fish oil • hypertriglyceridemia • LDL oxidation • omega-3 fatty acids • VLDL oxidation
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  Y. V. Yuan and D. D. Kitts Dietary (n-3) Fat and Cholesterol Alter Tissue Antioxidant Enzymes and Susceptibility to Oxidation in SHR and WKY Rats J. Nutr., March 1, 2003; 133(3): 679 - 688. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. M. Kris-Etherton, W. S. Harris, L. J. Appel, and for the Nutrition Committee Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, February 1, 2003; 23(2): e20 - 30. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. M. Kris-Etherton, W. S. Harris, L. J. Appel, and for the Nutrition Committee Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease Circulation, November 19, 2002; 106(21): 2747 - 2757. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Callow, L. K. Summers, H. Bradshaw, and K. N Frayn Changes in LDL particle composition after the consumption of meals containing different amounts and types of fat Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2002; 76(2): 345 - 350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Mabile, A. Piolot, L. Boulet, L.-J. Fortin, N. Doyle, C. Rodriguez, J. Davignon, D. Blache, and S. Lussier-Cacan Moderate intake of n-3 fatty acids is associated with stable erythrocyte resistance to oxidative stress in hypertriglyceridemic subjects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2001; 74(4): 449 - 456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. B. Weinberg, B. S. VanderWerken, R. A. Anderson, J. E. Stegner, and M. J. Thomas Pro-Oxidant Effect of Vitamin E in Cigarette Smokers Consuming a High Polyunsaturated Fat Diet Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2001; 21(6): 1029 - 1033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. H. A. F. de Man, I. J. A. M. Jonkers, E. Schwedhelm, A. H. M. Smelt, W. Onkenhout, W. van Duyvenvoorde, R. Buytenhek, J. A. G. Leuven, R. Troost, A. van der Laarse, et al. Normal Oxidative Stress and Enhanced Lipoprotein Resistance to In Vitro Oxidation in Hypertriglyceridemia : Effects of Bezafibrate Therapy Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 2000; 20(11): 2434 - 2440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Johansen, I. Seljeflot, A. T. Hostmark, and H. Arnesen The Effect of Supplementation With Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Soluble Markers of Endothelial Function in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, July 1, 1999; 19(7): 1681 - 1686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Abe, B. El-Masri, K. T. Kimball, H. Pownall, C. F. Reilly, K. Osmundsen, C. W. Smith, and C. M. Ballantyne Soluble Cell Adhesion Molecules in Hypertriglyceridemia and Potential Significance on Monocyte Adhesion Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 1998; 18(5): 723 - 731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. P. L. van de Vijver, A. F. M. Kardinaal, W. van Duyvenvoorde, D. A. C. M. Kruijssen, D. E. Grobbee, G. van Poppel, and H. M. G. Princen LDL Oxidation and Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, February 1, 1998; 18(2): 193 - 199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|