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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 1996;16:1047-1051.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Probucol Downregulates E-Selectin Expression on Cultured Human Vascular Endothelial Cells

Masayo Kaneko; Joichiro Hayashi; Ichiro Saito; Nobuyuki Miyasaka

the Division of Immunological Diseases (M.K., I.S.), Medical Research Institute; the Department of Periodontology (J.H.), School of Dentistry; and the First Department of Medicine (N.M.), School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Correspondence to Nobuyuki Miyasaka, MD, First Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. E-mail miyasaka.med1@med.tmd.ac.jp.

Probucol, which inhibits monocyte adhesion, is a potent antioxidant to vascular endothelium in the cholesterol-fed rabbit. The accumulation of macrophages in the lesion is influenced by increased expression of specific adhesion molecules on vascular endothelial cells. We investigated the effect of probucol on the expression of cell adhesion molecules in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were treated with lipopolysaccharide in the presence or absence of probucol (0 to 5 µmol/L) and assayed for the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin by cell–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Probucol significantly downregulated the expression of E-selectin on HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, the expression of ICAM-1 was not affected. E-selectin but not ICAM-1 mRNA expression on HUVECs was also significantly inhibited by probucol in a dose-dependent manner. We also examined whether probucol affects cellular binding between the human monocytic cell line U937 and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HUVECs by using an in vitro binding assay and found that probucol significantly suppressed their mutual binding in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate a novel mechanism of action for probucol to reduce the development of atherosclerotic lesions in hyperlipidemic states.

Key Words: probucol • cell adhesion molecule • E-selectin • endothelial cell • atherosclerosis

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