© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Ultrasound Morphology Classification of the Arterial Wall and Cardiovascular Events in a 6-Year Follow-up Study
the Cardiovascular Institute, Chieti University (G.B., G.L., M.R.C., M.T.D.S., L.I., A.B.), and the PAP/PEA Project Institute, San Valentino (Pescara) (G.B., G.L., M.R.C., M.T.D.S., L.I., A.B.), Italy, and Irvine Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research and Investigation, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK (G.B., A.N.N.).
A 6-year follow-up based on an arterial morphology classification defined with an ultrasound assessment of carotid and femoral artery bifurcations was conducted on 2322 asymptomatic subjects. Four morphology classes were considered. When 2000 subjects (86% of total subjects; 1124 males, 876 females) completed a 6-year follow-up, the study was terminated. At 6 years, no cardiovascular events were observed in subjects who were in class I (80.05% of the population sample) at inclusion; there were 69 events in classes II, III, and IV (19.95% of the population; incidence, 17.3%); 59 events, including the five deaths, occurred in classes III and IV (10.85% of the population), producing an event incidence of 27.2%. The increased event rate in classes II, III, and IV was significant (log-rank test; P<.05, P<.025, and P<.025, respectively). Thus, the arterial morphology classification identified 19.95% of the population (subjects in classes II, III, and IV) in which all events occurred. There was a higher (P<.05) rate of progression of altered arterial morphology in 6 years in classes III (26.5% of subjects progressed) and IV (41.9% progressed) than in classes I and II. The total number of cigarette-years was higher (P<.05) in classes II, III, and IV than in class I. In conclusion, the ultrasound-based arterial classification was useful in selecting from the population sample 80.05% of subjects (class I) who remained event-free for 6 years. All events occurred in class II, III, and IV subjects (19.95%), and all five deaths (0.25% of the population) occurred in classes III and IV (10.85% of the sample).
Key Words: arterial wall • B-mode ultrasound • atherosclerosis • screening methods • cardiovascular events
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. Helfand, D. I. Buckley, M. Freeman, R. Fu, K. Rogers, C. Fleming, and L. L. Humphrey Emerging Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease: A Summary of Systematic Reviews Conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Ann Intern Med, October 6, 2009; 151(7): 496 - 507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. S Wald, J. P Bestwick, G. Morton, L. Drummond, N. Jenkins, P. Khodabakhsh, and N. P Curzen Combining carotid intima-media thickness with carotid plaque on screening for coronary heart disease J Med Screen, September 1, 2009; 16(3): 155 - 159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Ugurlu, E. Seyahi, F. Cetinkaya, F. Ozbakir, H. Balci, and H. Ozdogan Intima-media thickening in patients with familial Mediterranean fever Rheumatology, August 1, 2009; 48(8): 911 - 915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M Rosvall, G Engstrom, B Hedblad, L Janzon, and G Berglund Area social characteristics and carotid atherosclerosis Eur J Public Health, August 1, 2007; 17(4): 333 - 339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Christodoulou, S. Sangle, and D. P. D'Cruz Vasculopathy and arterial stenotic lesions in the antiphospholipid syndrome Rheumatology, June 1, 2007; 46(6): 907 - 910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E Seyahi, S Ugurlu, R Cumali, H Balci, N Seyahi, S Yurdakul, and H Yazici Atherosclerosis in Takayasu arteritis Ann Rheum Dis, September 1, 2006; 65(9): 1202 - 1207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J Roman, T. Z Naqvi, J. M Gardin, M. Gerhard-Herman, M. Jaff, and E. Mohler American Society of Echocardiography Report: Clinical application of noninvasive vascular ultrasound in cardiovascular risk stratification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology Vascular Medicine, August 1, 2006; 11(3): 201 - 211. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Roman, E. Moeller, A. Davis, S. A. Paget, M. K. Crow, M. D. Lockshin, L. Sammaritano, R. B. Devereux, J. E. Schwartz, D. M. Levine, et al. Preclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med, February 21, 2006; 144(4): 249 - 256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Kafetzakis, G. Kochiadakis, A. Laliotis, I. Peteinarakis, E. Touloupakis, N. Igoumenidis, and A. Katsamouris Association of Subclinical Wall Changes of Carotid, Femoral, and Popliteal Arteries With Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography Chest, October 1, 2005; 128(4): 2538 - 2543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.L. Eigenbrodt, Z. Bursac, E.P. Eigenbrodt, D.J. Couper, R.E. Tracy, and J.L. Mehta Mathematical estimation of the potential effect of vascular remodelling/dilatation on B-mode ultrasound intima-medial thickness QJM, November 1, 2004; 97(11): 729 - 737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. M. van der Meer, M. L. Bots, A. Hofman, A. Iglesias del Sol, D. A.M. van der Kuip, and J. C.M. Witteman Predictive Value of Noninvasive Measures of Atherosclerosis for Incident Myocardial Infarction: The Rotterdam Study Circulation, March 9, 2004; 109(9): 1089 - 1094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Roman, B.-A. Shanker, A. Davis, M. D. Lockshin, L. Sammaritano, R. Simantov, M. K. Crow, J. E. Schwartz, S. A. Paget, R. B. Devereux, et al. Prevalence and Correlates of Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus N. Engl. J. Med., December 18, 2003; 349(25): 2399 - 2406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. G. Vlachoyiannopoulos, P. G. Kanellopoulos, J. P. A. Ioannidis, M. G. Tektonidou, I. Mastorakou, and H. M. Moutsopoulos Atherosclerosis in premenopausal women with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: a controlled study Rheumatology, May 1, 2003; 42(5): 645 - 651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Sandrock, D.-C. Cheng, D. Schmitz, and A. Schmidt-Trucksass Quantification of the Wall Inhomogeneity in B-mode Sonographic Images of the Carotid Artery J. Ultrasound Med., December 1, 2002; 21(12): 1395 - 1404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M Rosvall, P-O Ostergren, B Hedblad, S-O Isacsson, L Janzon, and G Berglund Work-related psychosocial factors and carotid atherosclerosis Int. J. Epidemiol., December 1, 2002; 31(6): 1169 - 1178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. E. North, J. W. MacCluer, R. B. Devereux, B. V. Howard, T. K. Welty, L. G. Best, E. T. Lee, R. R. Fabsitz, and M. J. Roman Heritability of Carotid Artery Structure and Function: The Strong Heart Family Study Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2002; 22(10): 1698 - 1703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Rosvall, P.-O. Ostergren, B. Hedblad, S.-O. Isacsson, L. Janzon, and G. Berglund Life-Course Perspective on Socioeconomic Differences in Carotid Atherosclerosis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2002; 22(10): 1704 - 1711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. M. McQuillan, J. Hung, J. P. Beilby, M. Nidorf, and P. L. Thompson Antioxidant vitamins and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis: The perth carotid ultrasound disease assessment study (CUDAS) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 2001; 38(7): 1788 - 1794. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Held, P. Hjemdahl, S.V. Eriksson, I. Bjorkander, L. Forslund, and N. Rehnqvist Prognostic implications of intima-media thickness and plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries in patients with stable angina pectoris Eur. Heart J., January 1, 2001; 22(1): 62 - 72. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Mannami, S. Baba, and J. Ogata Strong and Significant Relationships Between Aggregation of Major Coronary Risk Factors and the Acceleration of Carotid Atherosclerosis in the General Population of a Japanese City: The Suita Study Arch Intern Med, August 14, 2000; 160(15): 2297 - 2303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Zureik, P. Ducimetiere, P.-J. Touboul, D. Courbon, C. Bonithon-Kopp, C. Berr, and C. Magne Common Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Predicts Occurrence of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques : Longitudinal Results From the Aging Vascular Study (EVA) Study Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2000; 20(6): 1622 - 1629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Okin, M. J. Roman, and R. B. Devereux Exercise-Induced Ischemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis Circulation, December 14, 1999; 100 (24): e119 - e119. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. S. Saba, M. J. Roman, C. Longhini, D. Scorzoni, R. Pini, R. B. Devereux, and A. Ganau Carotid Intimal-Medial Thickness and Stiffness Are Not Affected by Hypercholesterolemia in Uncomplicated Essential Hypertension Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 1999; 19(11): 2788 - 2794. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.R. Cesarone, G. Laurora, M.T. DeSanctis, L. Incandela, L. Fugazza, R. Girardello, A. Poli, L. Peracino, L. Ambrosoli, and G. Belcaro Effects of Triflusal on Arteriosclerosis Progression Assessed with High-Resolution Arterial Ultrasound Angiology, June 1, 1999; 50(6): 455 - 463. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Ebrahim, O. Papacosta, P. Whincup, G. Wannamethee, M. Walker, A. N. Nicolaides, S. Dhanjil, M. Griffin, G. Belcaro, A. Rumley, et al. Carotid Plaque, Intima Media Thickness, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Women : The British Regional Heart Study Stroke, April 1, 1999; 30(4): 841 - 850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Veller, A.N. Nicolaides, M.R. Cesarone, D. Christopoulos, M.T. DeSanctis, S. Dhanjil, G. Geroulakos, M. Griffin, C. Fisher, E. Helmis, et al. Noninvasive Investigations in Vascular Disease Angiology, October 1, 1998; 49(10): 673 - 706. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. M. Okin, M. J. Roman, J. E. Schwartz, T. G. Pickering, and R. B. Devereux Relation of Exercise-Induced Myocardial Ischemia to Cardiac and Carotid Structure Hypertension, December 1, 1997; 30(6): 1382 - 1388. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|