© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Decreased Serum Testosterone in Men With Acute Ischemic Stroke
From the Departments of Clinical Chemistry, Glostrup Hospital (L.L.J.) and Kolding Hospital (K.W.), and the Departments of Neurology (H.S.J., H.N., T.S.O.) and Radiology (H.O.R.), Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Correspondence to Lise Leth Jeppesen, MD, Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, Bldg 1, Room 101, San Francisco, CA 94110.
Abstract Serum levels of total and free testosterone and 17ß-estradiol were determined in 144 men with acute ischemic stroke and 47 healthy male control subjects. Blood samples from patients were drawn a mean of 3 days after stroke onset and also 6 months after admission in a subgroup of 45 patients. Initial stroke severity was assessed on the Scandinavian Stroke Scale and infarct size by computed tomographic scan. Mean total serum testosterone was 13.8±0.5 nmol/L in stroke patients and 16.5±0.7 nmol/L in control subjects (P=.002); the respective values for free serum testosterone were 40.8±1.3 and 51.0±2.2 pmol/L (P=.0001). Both total and free testosterone were significantly inversely associated with stroke severity and 6-month mortality, and total testosterone was significantly inversely associated with infarct size. The differences in total and free testosterone levels between patients and control subjects could not be explained by 10 putative risk factors for stroke, including age, blood pressure, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, smoking, and atrial fibrillation. Total and free testosterone levels tended to normalize 6 months after the stroke. There was no difference between patients and control subjects in serum 17ß-estradiol levels. These results support the idea that testosterone affects the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in men.
Key Words: risk factor • sex hormones • stroke • testosterone
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A. M. Traish, F. Saad, R. J. Feeley, and A. Guay The Dark Side of Testosterone Deficiency: III. Cardiovascular Disease J Androl, September 1, 2009; 30(5): 477 - 494. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Vagnerova, I. P. Koerner, and P. D. Hurn Gender and the Injured Brain Anesth. Analg., July 1, 2008; 107(1): 201 - 214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. B. Araujo, V. Kupelian, S. T. Page, D. J. Handelsman, W. J. Bremner, and J. B. McKinlay Sex Steroids and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Men Arch Intern Med, June 25, 2007; 167(12): 1252 - 1260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. D. Abbott, L. J. Launer, B. L. Rodriguez, G. W. Ross, P.W.F. Wilson, K. H. Masaki, D. Strozyk, J. D. Curb, K. Yano, J. S. Popper, et al. Serum estradiol and risk of stroke in elderly men Neurology, February 20, 2007; 68(8): 563 - 568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. C. Bowers, Y. Liu, W. Leisenring, E. McNeil, M. Stovall, J. G. Gurney, L. L. Robison, R. J. Packer, and K. C. Oeffinger Late-Occurring Stroke Among Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Leukemia and Brain Tumors: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study J. Clin. Oncol., November 20, 2006; 24(33): 5277 - 5282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Shores, A. M. Matsumoto, K. L. Sloan, and D. R. Kivlahan Low Serum Testosterone and Mortality in Male Veterans. Arch Intern Med, August 14, 2006; 166(15): 1660 - 1665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Makinen, M. J. Jarvisalo, P. Pollanen, A. Perheentupa, K. Irjala, M. Koskenvuo, J. Makinen, I. Huhtaniemi, and O. T. Raitakari Increased Carotid Atherosclerosis in Andropausal Middle-Aged Men J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 17, 2005; 45(10): 1603 - 1608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A.A.L. Ajayi and P.V. Halushka Castration reduces platelet thromboxane A2 receptor density and aggregability QJM, May 1, 2005; 98(5): 349 - 356. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Y. Liu, A. K. Death, and D. J. Handelsman Androgens and Cardiovascular Disease Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2003; 24(3): 313 - 340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Fukui, Y. Kitagawa, N. Nakamura, M. Kadono, S. Mogami, C. Hirata, N. Ichio, K. Wada, G. Hasegawa, and T. Yoshikawa Association Between Serum Testosterone Concentration and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Men With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, June 1, 2003; 26(6): 1869 - 1873. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. T. Ellison, R. G. Bribiescas, G. R. Bentley, B. C. Campbell, S. F. Lipson, C. Panter-Brick, and K. Hill Population variation in age-related decline in male salivary testosterone Hum. Reprod., December 1, 2002; 17(12): 3251 - 3253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Matsumoto Andropause: Clinical Implications of the Decline in Serum Testosterone Levels With Aging in Men J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., February 1, 2002; 57(2): M76 - 99. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.-H. Yang, E. Perez, J. Cutright, R. Liu, Z. He, A. L. Day, and J. W. Simpkins Testosterone increases neurotoxicity of glutamate in vitro and ischemia-reperfusion injury in an animal model J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2002; 92(1): 195 - 201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. G. Geary, D. N. Krause, and S. P. Duckles Gonadal hormones affect diameter of male rat cerebral arteries through endothelium-dependent mechanisms Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2000; 279(2): H610 - H618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G.M.C. Rosano Androgens and coronary artery disease. A sex-specific effect of sex hormones? Eur. Heart J., June 1, 2000; 21(11): 868 - 871. [PDF]
|
|