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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 1996;16:1516-1523.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Ischemia-Induced Transplant Arteriosclerosis in the Rat

Induction of Peptide Growth Factor Expression

Johannes Waltenberger; M. Levent Akyurek; Magnus Aurivillius; Alkwin Wanders; Erik Larsson; Bengt Fellstrom; Keiko Funa

the Department of Internal Medicine II (J.W.), Ulm University Medical Center, Germany; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (J.W., M.A., K.F.), Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden; and Department of Pathology (M.L.A., E.L.) and Department of Internal Medicine (A.W., B.F.), Uppsala University, Sweden.

Correspondence to Keiko Funa, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Biomedical Center, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden. E-mail Keiko.Funa@LICR.uu.se.

Peptide growth factors have been reported to contribute to the atherogenic process, and they are known to mediate signals for vascular remodeling. Using syngeneic and allogeneic rat aorta transplant models, we analyzed the impact of cold ischemia time up to 24 hours and reperfusion injury on development of transplant arteriosclerosis during the first 2 months after transplantation. The expression of the transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) family as well as the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptors was studied by use of immunohistochemistry, followed by semiquantitative evaluation and multivariate analysis. In the syngeneically transplanted aortas, the expression of TGF-ß1, PDGF, and the two PDGF receptors in the neointima increased significantly with the extent of cold ischemia time. Furthermore, there was a significant induction of the latent TGF-ß binding protein in the neointima as well as TGF-ß2 in the media, both correlating with the observation time after transplantation. In the allogeneic grafts, all examined proteins were already induced strongly 2 weeks after transplantation, even at the shortest ischemic period studied (1 hour). However, no positive correlation between growth factor expression and cold ischemia or observation time could be found. Double immunohistochemistry revealed that macrophages express PDGF and its receptors as well as TGF-ß1. Smooth muscle cells express both types of PDGF receptors, and a few T cells express TGF-ß1 as well as PDGF receptors. In summary, TGF-ß and PDGF are induced by allogeneic as well as ischemic stimuli in transplanted aortas, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of transplant arteriosclerosis and representing a potential target for therapeutic intervention.

Key Words: arteriosclerosis • transplantation • ischemia • growth factors • neointima

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