Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 1996;16:1373-1382
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
The Role of Plasminogen, Plasminogen Activators, and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Primate Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Migration
the Departments of Surgery and Pathology (M.B., M.A.R.), University of Washington, Seattle.
The migration of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays an important role in normal vessel development as well as the pathobiology of blood vessels. Because it is difficult to study cell migration in primates, we used ex vivo explants. The response of baboon aortic medial explants incubated in vitro in a serum-free medium with insulin and transferrin was compared with the response of whole artery injured in vivo by a balloon catheter to establish the validity of the explant model. Both the time course of entry of SMCs into the S phase and the changes in matrix metalloproteinase 9 were similar in the artery and the explants. SMCs began migrating from explants after a lag of 3 days. By day 11, >90% of the explants exhibited SMC migration from the tissue (percent of explants with 
1 migrating cell). Basal migration was inhibited by antibodies to urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activator, whereas addition of plasminogen to the explants increased migration. An inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, BB-94 (Batimistat), decreased migration, as did 
2-macroglobulin. These data demonstrate that proteinases of the matrix metalloproteinase and plasminogen/plasminogen activator families play an important role in the migration of primate arterial SMCs through the extracellular matrix.
Key Words: matrix metalloproteinases • plasminogen • urokinase • tissue-type plasminogen activator • smooth muscle cell migration
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A. Gutierrez-Fernandez, N. A. Gingles, H. Bai, F. J. Castellino, R. J. Parmer, and L. A. Miles Plasminogen Enhances Neuritogenesis on Laminin-1 J. Neurosci., October 7, 2009; 29(40): 12393 - 12400. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. C. Newby Matrix metalloproteinases regulate migration, proliferation, and death of vascular smooth muscle cells by degrading matrix and non-matrix substrates Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2006; 69(3): 614 - 624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Filippov, G. C. Koenig, T.-H. Chun, K. B. Hotary, I. Ota, T. H. Bugge, J. D. Roberts, W. P. Fay, H. Birkedal-Hansen, K. Holmbeck, et al. MT1-matrix metalloproteinase directs arterial wall invasion and neointima formation by vascular smooth muscle cells J. Exp. Med., September 6, 2005; 202(5): 663 - 671. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. C. Newby Dual Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases (Matrixins) in Intimal Thickening and Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture Physiol Rev, January 1, 2005; 85(1): 1 - 31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. M. Razzaq, R. Bass, D. J. Vines, F. Werner, S. A. Whawell, and V. Ellis Functional Regulation of Tissue Plasminogen Activator on the Surface of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by the Type-II Transmembrane Protein p63 (CKAP4) J. Biol. Chem., October 24, 2003; 278(43): 42679 - 42685. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Kuzuya, S. Kanda, T. Sasaki, N. Tamaya-Mori, X. W. Cheng, T. Itoh, S. Itohara, and A. Iguchi Deficiency of Gelatinase A Suppresses Smooth Muscle Cell Invasion and Development of Experimental Intimal Hyperplasia Circulation, September 16, 2003; 108(11): 1375 - 1381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Herget, J. Novotna, J. Bibova, V. Povysilova, M. Vankova, and V. Hampl Metalloproteinase inhibition by Batimastat attenuates pulmonary hypertension in chronically hypoxic rats Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): L199 - L208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M Aguilera, S. J George, J. L Johnson, and A. C Newby Relationship between type IV collagen degradation, metalloproteinase activity and smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation in cultured human saphenous vein Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 2003; 58(3): 679 - 688. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Mochizuki, B. Brassart, and A. Hinek Signaling Pathways Transduced through the Elastin Receptor Facilitate Proliferation of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells J. Biol. Chem., November 15, 2002; 277(47): 44854 - 44863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Cho and M. A. Reidy Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Is Necessary for the Regulation of Smooth Muscle Cell Replication and Migration After Arterial Injury Circ. Res., November 1, 2002; 91(9): 845 - 851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Falkenberg, C. Tom, M. B. DeYoung, S. Wen, R. Linnemann, and D. A. Dichek Increased expression of urokinase during atherosclerotic lesion development causes arterial constriction and lumen loss, and accelerates lesion growth PNAS, August 6, 2002; 99(16): 10665 - 10670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. D. Kenagy, J. W. Fischer, M. G. Davies, S. A. Berceli, S. M. Hawkins, T. N. Wight, and A. W. Clowes Increased Plasmin and Serine Proteinase Activity During Flow-Induced Intimal Atrophy in Baboon PTFE Grafts Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, March 1, 2002; 22(3): 400 - 404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. S. Galis and J. J. Khatri Matrix Metalloproteinases in Vascular Remodeling and Atherogenesis: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Circ. Res., February 22, 2002; 90(3): 251 - 262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. Redmond, J. P. Cullen, P. A. Cahill, J. V. Sitzmann, S. Stefansson, D. A. Lawrence, and S. S. Okada Endothelial Cells Inhibit Flow-Induced Smooth Muscle Cell Migration : Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Circulation, January 30, 2001; 103(4): 597 - 603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. A. Ploplis, I. Cornelissen, M. J. Sandoval-Cooper, L. Weeks, F. A. Noria, and F. J. Castellino Remodeling of the Vessel Wall after Copper-Induced Injury Is Highly Attenuated in Mice with a Total Deficiency of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Am. J. Pathol., January 1, 2001; 158(1): 107 - 117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kanda, M. Kuzuya, M. A. Ramos, T. Koike, K. Yoshino, S. Ikeda, and A. Iguchi Matrix Metalloproteinase and {alpha}v{beta}3 Integrin-Dependent Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Invasion Through a Type I Collagen Lattice Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2000; 20(4): 998 - 1005. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Overhaus, J. Heckenkamp, S. Kossodo, D. Leszczynski, and G. M. LaMuraglia Photodynamic Therapy Generates a Matrix Barrier to Invasive Vascular Cell Migration Circ. Res., February 18, 2000; 86(3): 334 - 340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. P. Mason, R. D. Kenagy, D. Hasenstab, D. F. Bowen-Pope, R. A. Seifert, S. Coats, S. M. Hawkins, and A. W. Clowes Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Overexpression Enhances Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Alters Remodeling in the Injured Rat Carotid Artery Circ. Res., December 3, 1999; 85(12): 1179 - 1185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. R. Lijnen, P. Soloway, and D. Collen Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 Impairs Arterial Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury in Mice Circ. Res., December 3, 1999; 85(12): 1186 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. R. Lijnen, B. Van Hoef, I. Vanlinthout, M. Verstreken, M.-C. Rio, and D. Collen Accelerated Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury in Mice With Stromelysin-3 (MMP-11) Gene Inactivation Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 1999; 19(12): 2863 - 2870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Shi, S. Patel, R. Niculescu, W. Chung, P. Desrochers, and A. Zalewski Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in the Regulation of Coronary Cell Migration Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 1999; 19(5): 1150 - 1155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. J. Kullo, R. D. Simari, and R. S. Schwartz Vascular Gene Transfer : From Bench to Bedside Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, February 1, 1999; 19(2): 196 - 207. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kranzhofer, A. H. Baker, S. J. George, and A. C. Newby Expression of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1, -2, and -3 During Neointima Formation in Organ Cultures of Human Saphenous Vein Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, February 1, 1999; 19(2): 255 - 265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Wang and J. A. Keiser Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Upregulates the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells : Role of flt-1 Circ. Res., October 19, 1998; 83(8): 832 - 840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. R. Todor, I. Lewis, G. Bruno, and D. Chyatte Identification of a Serum Gelatinase Associated With the Occurrence of Cerebral Aneurysms as Pro-Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Stroke, August 1, 1998; 29(8): 1580 - 1583. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Allaire, D. Hasenstab, R. D. Kenagy, B. Starcher, M. M. Clowes, and A. W. Clowes Prevention of Aneurysm Development and Rupture by Local Overexpression of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Circulation, July 21, 1998; 98(3): 249 - 255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-L. Bochaton-Piallat, G. Gabbiani, and M. S. Pepper Plasminogen Activator Expression in Rat Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Depends on Their Phenotype and Is Modulated by Cytokines Circ. Res., June 1, 1998; 82(10): 1086 - 1093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Banai, Y. Wolf, G. Golomb, A. Pearle, J. Waltenberger, I. Fishbein, A. Schneider, A. Gazit, L. Perez, R. Huber, et al. PDGF-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Blocker AG1295 Selectively Attenuates Smooth Muscle Cell Growth In Vitro and Reduces Neointimal Formation After Balloon Angioplasty in Swine Circulation, May 19, 1998; 97(19): 1960 - 1969. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A Delannoy-Courdent, V Mattot, V Fafeur, W Fauquette, I Pollet, T Calmels, C Vercamer, B Boilly, B Vandenbunder, and X Desbiens The expression of an Ets1 transcription factor lacking its activation domain decreases uPA proteolytic activity and cell motility, and impairs normal tubulogenesis and cancerous scattering in mammary epithelial cells J. Cell Sci., January 6, 1998; 111(11): 1521 - 1534. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. D. Kenagy, C. E. Hart, W. G. Stetler-Stevenson, and A. W. Clowes Primate Smooth Muscle Cell Migration From Aortic Explants Is Mediated by Endogenous Platelet-Derived Growth Factor and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Acting Through Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 Circulation, November 18, 1997; 96(10): 3555 - 3560. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. George, J. L. Johnson, G. D. Angelini, and J. Y. Jeremy Short-term Exposure to Thapsigargin Inhibits Neointima Formation in Human Saphenous Vein Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 1997; 17(11): 2500 - 2506. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|