on January 25, 2007
Published online before print January 25, 2007, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000258788.11372.d0
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Submitted on July 2, 2006
Accepted on January 11, 2007
Vascular Dysfunction and Reduced Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Young Healthy UK South Asian Men
Cliona Murphy ;
From the Cardiovascular Division, Kings College London, London, UK. Current address for S.W.: Cardiovascular Diabetes Research Group, Leeds Institute for Genetics, Health, & Therapeutics, Leeds University, UK.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mike.marber{at}kcl.ac.uk.
Objectives--The objective of this study was to examine determinants of excess coronary artery disease risk in UK South Asians, more prevalent in this population than UK Caucasians, by examining differences in risk factors, vascular function, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs).
Methods and Results--24 South Asian and 25 Caucasian healthy age-matched nonsmoking men were studied. Vascular function was assessed by flow-mediated and GTN brachial artery dilatation and blood flow responses to infusion of ACh, SNP, and L-NMMA. EPC number and function were measured by flow cytometry (CD34, CD133, and KDR positive cells), and CFU/migration assays. Traditional risk factors and anthropometric measurements were similar in the groups. South Asians had higher fasting insulin levels (6.01 versus 3.62 µU/mL; P=0.02). South Asians had lower FMD (6.9 versus 8.5%; P=0.003), L-NMMA response (0.8 versus 1.3 mL/min/100 mL; P=0.03), mean SNP response (9.5±0.6 versus 11.6±0.6; P=0.02), EPC number (0.046±0.005% versus 0.085±0.009%; P=< 0.001), and CFU ability (CFU 4.29±1.57 versus 18.86±4.00; P=0.005). EPC number was the strongest predictor of FMD. Ethnicity was the strongest predictor of EPC number.
Conclusions--Healthy South Asian men are more insulin resistant, and demonstrate endothelial dysfunction and reduced EPC number and function compared with Caucasians. These abnormalities may contribute to their increased CAD risk.
Key words: endothelium • vascular dysfunction • endothelial progenitor cells • nitric oxide • insulin resistance
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