on April 6, 2006
Published online before print April 6, 2006, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000220381.40739.dd
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Submitted on December 8, 2005
Accepted on March 16, 2006
Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Mesenteric Vascular Function in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Beatriz Gálvez ;
From the Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (B.G., M.S.F.-A.), Departamento de Biología Celular, Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain (J.C., M.P.R.), Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (S.A., C.G.), Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (I.A.), and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin, Franz Volhard Clinic, Medical faculty of the Charité, Berlin, Germany (D.H., G.D., F.L.), Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Intensive Care, Medical faculty of the Charité, Berlin, Germany (M.G., G.D., D.H.).
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: marisolf{at}farm.ucm.es.
Objective--Perivascular adipose tissue of normotensive rats releases a transferable factor that induces relaxation by opening voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels. The relevance of these observations to hypertension is unknown.
Methods and Results--We characterized mesenteric perivascular adipose tissue from 3-month-old Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and aged-matched spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Mesenteric bed (MB) weight and MB total lipid content were lower in SHR than in WKY. Freshly isolated MB adipocytes were smaller in SHR. Plasma triglycerides, glycerol, nonesterified free-fatty acids, and cholesterol were also lower in SHR. Plasma and mesenteric leptin were correlated with the quantity of mesenteric fat. To study vascular function, the MB was cannulated and perfused at a constant 2 mL/min flow. The Kv channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 2 mmol/L) increased perfusion pressure less in SHR MB than WKY and was directly correlated with the mesenteric fat amount. In isolated mesenteric artery rings, 4-AP (2 mmol/L) induced a contractile effect that was attenuated in SHR compared with WKY. The anticontractile effects of perivascular fat were reduced in SHR mesenteric artery rings compared with WKY.
Conclusions--Differences in visceral perivascular adipose tissue mass and function may contribute to the increased vascular resistance observed in SHR.
Key words: perivascular adipose tissue • ADRF • mesenteric arteries • SHR
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