on January 5, 2006
Published online before print January 5, 2006, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000202656.53964.04
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Submitted on June 16, 2005
Accepted on December 23, 2005
Tissue Factor Encryption
Ronald R. Bach *
From Research Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center & Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minn.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bachx006{at}umn.edu.
Abstract--Tissue factor (TF) encryption is the post-translational suppression of TF procoagulant activity (PCA) on the cell surface. There is emerging evidence of encrypted TF in normal blood associated with monocytes and platelets. Expression of this latent TF PCA during the propagation phase of blood coagulation may contribute to hemostasis. One pathway leading to the decryption of TF PCA begins with an increase in cytosolic calcium. A large calcium influx triggers both the exposure of phosphatidylserine and the expression of TF PCA on cell surfaces. The connections between these events are reviewed along with evidence that lipid raft association may also contribute to TF encryption. The last step in the decryption of TF PCA is the proteolytic activation of zymogen factor VII. This event may be a key to understanding the different roles of intravascular and extravascular TF in the process of blood coagulation.
Key words: coagulation • cytosolic calcium • factor VII • phosphatidylserine • tissue factor
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