on December 29, 2004
Published online before print December 29, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000154489.53077.4e
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Submitted on August 11, 2004
Accepted on November 24, 2004
Expression of the LXR
Protein in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions
Yuichiro Watanabe ;
From the Department of Systems Biology and Medicine (Y.W., W.T., T.T., N.N., T.H., T.K.), Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, the University of Tokyo; the Immunology Research Department (Y.W.), Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories II, Pharmaceutical Division, Kowa Co Ltd; Perseus Proteomics Inc (S.J., Y.U., K.K., H.I.), Tokyo; and the Department of Cellular Function (S.J., R.O., M.N.), Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kodama{at}lsbm.org.
Objective--Liver X-activated receptor 
(LXR) regulates multiple genes controlling cholesterol metabolism and transport. To clarify its role in atherogenesis, we established a monoclonal antibody recognizing native human LXR protein and studied the expression pattern in human atherosclerotic lesions.
Methods and Results--A novel monoclonal antibody PPZ0412 was raised against the ligand-binding domain of LXR, which can be used for immunostaining of human LXR protein. LXR protein was detected in the nucleus of macrophages in the liver, spleen, or lung and also in hepatocytes and adipocytes. In atherosclerotic lesions, the LXR protein was detected in macrophages positive for scavenger receptor class A and/or CD68.
Conclusions--In the human body, the LXR protein is highly expressed in macrophage lineage cells and foam cells in atherosclerotic lesions and is identified as a target for intervention in atherosclerotic disease.
Key words: LXR
•
atherosclerosis •
macrophages •
monoclonal antibody
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