on December 18, 2003
Published online before print December 18, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000113291.39267.0a
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Submitted on July 1, 2003
Accepted on November 26, 2003
Association of the Human Y Chromosome with Cholesterol Levels in the General Population
Fadi J. Charchar *;
From the BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Centre, Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (F.J.C., M.T., A.F.D), University of Glasgow, UK; and the Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology (M.T., B.L., J.Z., E.Z.-S., W.G.), Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fjc4a{at}clinmed.gla.ac.uk.
Objective--Males are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases than females. The aim of the study was to test whether the potential of the Y chromosome to affect cardiovascular risk could be attributed to its influence on lipids.
Methods and Results--1288 Polish men (1157 subjects from young healthy cohort and 131 individuals from middle-aged hypertensive population) were phenotyped for determinants of cardiovascular risk including BMI, blood pressures, lipids, and testosterone. Each subject was genotyped for the HindIII(+/-) polymorphism within the nonrecombining region of the Y chromosome. Men with the HindIII(-) variant exhibited significantly higher total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels than subjects with the HindIII(+) genotype in both populations. The differences between the genotypes were 0.15 mmol/L (P=0.0107) and 0.45 mmol/L (P=0.0377) in TC and 0.15 mmol/L (P=0.0059) and 0.41 mmol/L (P=0.0432) in LDL among young apparently healthy men and middle-aged hypertensive men, respectively. The HindIII(+) was associated with a significant increase in blood pressure of the middle-aged men. Testosterone serum concentrations correlated positively with HDL-cholesterol levels, and this association was independent of the Y chromosome.
Conclusions--The results indicate that a locus/loci on the Y chromosome may influence LDL levels, independent of testosterone levels.
Key words: lipids • genetics • blood pressure • gender • male
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