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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2005;25:1763.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.

Editorials

Differential Antiatherogenic Effects of PPAR Versus PPAR Agonists

Should We Be Surprised?

Germán Camejo

From AstraZeneca, Discovery, Mölndal, Sweden.

Correspondence to Germán Camejo, AstraZeneca Discovery, S-431 83, Mölndal, Sweden. E-mail german.camejo@astrazeneca.com

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

Research during the past decade about the role of the transcription factors known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) subtype alpha (-), delta/beta (-/ß), and gamma (-) indicates that they are master switches controlling tissue-specific physiological adaptations in the use of fatty acids, glucose, and amino acids during feeding and fasting.^1,2 These nuclear receptors modulate in concert the expression of genes associated with specific metabolic pathways together with the signaling of hormones involved in energy homeostasis like insulin, glucagon, growth hormone (GH), and cortisol. In this capacity they seamlessly adjust the reversible transitions from storage to use of fatty acids and triglycerides, of glucose and glycogen, and of the more complex ones of amino acids and proteins. Moreover, enzymes and transporters required for the interpathway conversions of glucose into fatty acids and of some amino acids into glucose also are target genes for PPARs, at least when rodents and humans are maintained on a high carbohydrate supply. Endowed with such central functions it is not surprising that the PPARs have impact on metabolic alterations contributing to insulin resistance and diabetes, as well as on abnormalities of lipid metabolism causing dyslipidemias and atherosclerosis. Therefore is also logical that intense research is dedicated to evaluate how modulation of the PPARs could improve the dyslipidema associated with insulin resistance, insulin resistance itself, diabetes, and atherosclerosis.

See page 1897

The PPAR agonists, known generically as fibrates, reduce the risk of cardiovascular events especially in patients with the dyslipidemia of insulin resistance.³ At . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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