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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2009;29:1025.)
© 2009 American Heart Association, Inc.

Brief Reviews

In Vivo Imaging of Stem Cells and Beta Cells Using Direct Cell Labeling and Reporter Gene Methods

Dara L. Kraitchman; Jeff W.M. Bulte

From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research (D.L.K., J.W.M.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Cellular Imaging Section, and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering (J.W.M.B.), Baltimore, Md.

Correspondence to Russell H. Morgan, Department of Radiology and Radiologic Science, 600 N Wolfe St, 314 Park Building Baltimore, MD 21287. E-mail dara{at}mri.jhu.edu

Series Editor: Zahi Fayad
ATVB In Focus

Molecular Imaging of Cardiovascular Disease

Cellular transplantation therapy offers a means to stimulate cardiovascular repair either by direct (graft-induced) or indirect (host-induced) tissue regeneration or angiogenesis. Typically, autologous or donor cells of specific subpopulations are expanded exogenously before administration to enrich the cells most likely to participate in tissue repair. In animal models of cardiovascular disease, the fate of these exogenous cells can be determined using histopathology. Recently, methods to label cells with contrast agents or transduce cells with reporter genes to produce imaging beacons has enabled the serial and dynamic assessment of the survival, fate, and engraftment of these cells with noninvasive imaging. Although cell tracking methods for cardiovascular applications have been most studied in stem or progenitor cells, research in tracking of whole islet transplants and particularly insulin producing beta cells has implications to the cardiovascular community attributable to the vascular changes associated with diabetes mellitus. In this review article, we will explore some of the state-of-the art methods for stem, progenitor, and beta cell tracking.

Cellular transplantation offers a means to stimulate cardiovascular repair. Cell labeling with contrast agents or transfection with reporter genes have enabled serial dynamic imaging of cell survival, fate, and engraftment. In this review article, we explore some of the state-of-the art methods for stem, progenitor, and beta cell tracking.

Key Words: stem cells • beta cells • transplantation • cell labeling • reporter gene • MRI • SPECT • PET

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