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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2008;28:1270.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Integrative Physiology/Experimental Medicine

Overexpression of ACE2 Enhances Plaque Stability in a Rabbit Model of Atherosclerosis

Bo Dong; Cheng Zhang; Jing Bo Feng; Yu Xia Zhao; Shu Ying Li; Ya Pei Yang; Qiu Li Dong; Bi Ping Deng; Li Zhu; Qing Tao Yu; Chun Xi Liu; Bin Liu; Chun Ming Pan; Huai Dong Song; Ming Xiang Zhang; Yun Zhang

From the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research (B.D., C.Z., J.B.F., Y.X.Z., S.Y.L., Y.P.Y., Q.L.D., B.P.D., L.Z., Q.T.Y., C.X.L., B.L., M.X.Z., Y.Z.), Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China; the Department of Cardiology (B.D), Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China; Center of Molecular Medicine (C.M.P., H.D.S.), Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.

Correspondence to Yun Zhang, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, No. 107, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China. E-mail zhangyun{at}sdu.edu.cn

Objective— The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that ACE2 overexpression may enhance atherosclerotic plaque stability by antagonizing ACE activity and converting angiotensin II to angiotensin 1–7.

Methods and Results— Atherosclerotic plaques were induced in the abdominal aorta of 114 rabbits by endothelial injury and atherogenic diet. Gene therapy was performed in group A at week 4 and in group B at week 12, respectively. Each group of rabbits were randomly divided into 3 subgroups which received, respectively, a recombinant ACE2 expressing vector (AdACE2), a control vector AdEGFP and AdACE2+A779, an antagonist of angiotensin 1–7 receptor. Local ACE2 overexpression attenuated the progression of lesions from week 4 to week 8, but not progression of plaque size from week 12 to week 16. In group B rabbits, local ACE2 overexpression resulted in stable plaque compositions, ie, fewer macrophages, less lipid deposition and more collagen contents, higher plaque stability scores, decreased angiotensin II levels, and increased angiotensin 1–7 levels in plaque tissues in the AdACE2 subgroup compared with those in the AdEGFP subgroup.

Conclusions— Overexpression of ACE2 results in stabilized atherosclerotic plaques and the mechanism is probably the conversion of vasoconstrictive angiotensin II to vessel protective angiotensin 1–7.

To investigate whether ACE2 overexpression may enhance plaque stability, plaques were induced in 114 rabbits treated with local infusion of AdACE2, AdEGFP, or Ad.ACE2+A779. Local ACE2 overexpression resulted in stable plaque compositions, higher plaque stability scores, decreased angiotensin II levels, and increased angiotensin 1 to 7 levels in plaque tissues.

Key Words: atherosclerosis • angiotensin converting enzyme 2 • angiotensin • inflammation • plaque stability

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