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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2007;27:728.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.

Brief Reviews

Platelet Adhesion Receptors and Their Ligands in Mouse Models of Thrombosis

Cécile V. Denis; Denisa D. Wagner

From INSERM U770 (C.V.D.), Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France, and the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Pathology (D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston Mass.

Correspondence to Denisa D. Wagner, CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, 800 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail wagner{at}cbr.med.harvard.edu

Series Editor: David T. Eitzman
Regulation of Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Insights From Murine Models
ATVB In Focus

Previous Brief Review in this Series:

•Tollefsen DM. Heparin cofactor II modulates the response to vascular injury. 2007;27:454–460.

Platelet adhesion and aggregation at sites of vascular injury are two key events in hemostasis and thrombosis. Because of exciting advances in genetic engineering, the mouse has become an important and frequently used model to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the multistep process leading to the formation of a stable platelet plug. In gene-targeted mice, the crucial importance of platelet adhesion receptors such as glycoprotein Ib or the IIbß3 integrin has been confirmed and further clarified. Their absence leads to highly impaired thrombus formation, independent of the model used to induce vascular injury. In contrast, the relative contribution of other receptors, such as glycoprotein VI, or of various platelet ligands may be regulated by the severity of injury, the type of vessel injured, and the signaling pathways that are generated. Murine models have also helped improve understanding of the second wave of events that leads to stabilization of the platelet aggregate. Despite the current limitations due to lack of standardization and the virtual absence of thrombosis models in diseased vessels, there is no doubt that the mouse will play a key role in the discovery and characterization of the next generation of antithrombotic agents. This review focuses on key findings about the molecular mechanisms supporting hemostasis and thrombosis that have been obtained with genetically engineered mouse models deficient in various platelet adhesion receptors and ligands. Combination of these models with sophisticated methods allowing direct visualization of platelet–vessel wall interactions after injury greatly contributed to recent advances in the field.

This review focuses on key findings about the molecular mechanisms supporting hemostasis and thrombosis, obtained with genetically engineered mouse models deficient in various platelet adhesion receptors and ligands. Combination of these models with sophisticated methods allowing direct visualization of platelet-vessel wall interactions after injury greatly contributed to recent advances in the field.

Key Words: platelets • animal models • thrombosis • adhesion • bleeding

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