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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2007;27:387.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.

Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins

In Vivo Plaque Characterization Using Intravascular Ultrasound–Virtual Histology in a Porcine Model of Complex Coronary Lesions

Juan F. Granada; David Wallace-Bradley; Htut K. Win; Carlos L. Alviar; Angela Builes; Eli I. Lev; Roberto Barrios; Daryl G. Schulz; Albert E. Raizner; Greg L. Kaluza

From The Methodist Hospital Research Institute & The Methodist DeBakey Heart Center (J.F.G., E.J.L., D.G.S., A.E.R., G.L.K.), Houston, Tex; Department of Mathematics (D.W.B.), University of Houston, Houston, Tex; Baylor College of Medicine (H.K.W.), Houston, Tex; The Corbic Research Foundation-HMUA (C.L.A.), Envigado, Colombia; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud (A.B.), Medellin, Colombia; Department of Pathology (R.B.), The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Tex.

Correspondence to Juan F. Granada, MD, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, The Methodist DeBakey Heart Center, Houston, TX 77584. E-mail jgranada{at}tmh.tmc.edu

Objective— To determine the accuracy of detection of different tissue types of intravascular ultrasound–virtual histology (IVUS-VH) in a porcine model of complex coronary lesions.

Methods and Results— Coronary lesions were induced by injecting liposomes containing human oxidized low-density lipoprotein into the adventitia of the arteries. IVUS-VH imaging was performed in vivo at 8.2±1.6 weeks after injection. A total of 60 vascular lesions were analyzed and compared with their correspondent IVUS-VH images. Correlation analysis was performed using linear regression models. Compared with histology, IVUS-VH correctly identified the presence of fibrous, fibro-fatty, and necrotic tissue in 58.33%, 38.33%, and 38.33% of lesions, respectively. The sensitivity of IVUS-VH for the detection of fibrous, fibro-fatty, and necrotic core tissue was 76.1%, 46%, and 41.1% respectively. A linear regression analysis performed for each individual plaque component did not show strong correlation that would allow significant prediction of individual values.

Conclusions— In a porcine model of complex coronary lesions, IVUS-VH was not accurate in detecting the relative amount of specific plaque components within each individual corresponding histological specimen.

Coronary lesions were developed by adventitial injection of lipid-rich liposomes in porcine coronary arteries. IVUS-VH analysis was performed at 8.2±1.6 weeks after injection. Linear regression models showed that IVUS-VH was not accurate in detecting the relative amount of specific plaque components within each individual corresponding histological specimen.

Key Words: animal model • intravascular ultrasound • vulnerable plaque

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