Published online before print January 5, 2006, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000202656.53964.04
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.
Brief Review |
Tissue Factor Encryption
From Research Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center & Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minn.
Correspondence to Dr Ronald R. Bach, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Research Service (151), One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417. E-mail bachx006{at}umn.edu
Series Editor: Yale Nemerson
Regulation of Coagulation
ATVB In Focus
Previous Brief Reviews in this Series:
•Jesty J, Beltrami E. Positive feedbacks of coagulation: their role in threshold regulation. 2005;25:2463–2469.
•Monroe DM, Huffman M. What does it take to make the perfect clot? 2006;26:41–48.
Tissue factor (TF) encryption is the post-translational suppression of TF procoagulant activity (PCA) on the cell surface. There is emerging evidence of encrypted TF in normal blood associated with monocytes and platelets. Expression of this latent TF PCA during the propagation phase of blood coagulation may contribute to hemostasis. One pathway leading to the decryption of TF PCA begins with an increase in cytosolic calcium. A large calcium influx triggers both the exposure of phosphatidylserine and the expression of TF PCA on cell surfaces. The connections between these events are reviewed along with evidence that lipid raft association may also contribute to TF encryption. The last step in the decryption of TF PCA is the proteolytic activation of zymogen factor VII. This event may be a key to understanding the different roles of intravascular and extravascular TF in the process of blood coagulation.
Tissue factor (TF) procoagulant activity (PCA) is not fully expressed by an unperturbed cell. This post-translational suppression of TF PCA is known as TF encryption. TF PCA is decrypted after an influx of calcium into the cytosol and phosphatidylserine exposure on the cell surface. TF self-association, TF binding to lipid rafts, and repressed autoactivation of factor VII may contribute to TF encryption.
Key Words: coagulation • cytosolic calcium • factor VII • phosphatidylserine • tissue factor
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  U. R. Pendurthi and L. V. M. Rao Response: Tissue factor de-encryption: the cell model system Blood, August 1, 2008; 112(3): 913 - 913. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Kothari, P. Sen, U. R. Pendurthi, and L. V. M. Rao Bovine protein disulfide isomerase-enhanced tissue factor coagulant function: is phospholipid contaminant in it the real culprit? Blood, March 15, 2008; 111(6): 3295 - 3296. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. T. Gladwin and G. J. Kato Hemolysis-associated hypercoagulability in sickle cell disease: the plot (and blood) thickens! Haematologica, January 1, 2008; 93(1): 1 - 3. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Morrissey Encryption remains cryptic Blood, December 1, 2007; 110(12): 3822 - 3823. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. R. Pendurthi, S. Ghosh, S. K. Mandal, and L. V. M. Rao Tissue factor activation: is disulfide bond switching a regulatory mechanism? Blood, December 1, 2007; 110(12): 3900 - 3908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. A. Jackson, K. R. Cronin, R. Zachariah, and J. A. Carew CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein-beta Participates in Insulin-responsive Expression of the Factor VII Gene J. Biol. Chem., October 26, 2007; 282(43): 31156 - 31165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. H. Versteeg and W. Ruf Tissue Factor Coagulant Function Is Enhanced by Protein-disulfide Isomerase Independent of Oxidoreductase Activity J. Biol. Chem., August 31, 2007; 282(35): 25416 - 25424. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Goldin-Lang, K. Pels, Q.-V. Tran, B. Szotowski, F. Wittchen, S. Antoniak, T. Willich, H. Witt, M. Hummel, D. Lenze, et al. Effect of ionizing radiation on cellular procoagulability and co-ordinated gene alterations Haematologica, August 1, 2007; 92(8): 1091 - 1098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Mandal, U. R. Pendurthi, and L. V. M. Rao Tissue factor trafficking in fibroblasts: involvement of protease-activated receptor-mediated cell signaling Blood, July 1, 2007; 110(1): 161 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Panes, V. Matus, C. G. Saez, T. Quiroga, J. Pereira, and D. Mezzano Human platelets synthesize and express functional tissue factor Blood, June 15, 2007; 109(12): 5242 - 5250. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Awasthi, S. K. Mandal, V. Papanna, L. V. M. Rao, and U. R. Pendurthi Modulation of Tissue Factor-Factor VIIa Signaling by Lipid Rafts and Caveolae Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., June 1, 2007; 27(6): 1447 - 1455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Camerer and J. Trejo Cryptic messages: Is noncoagulant tissue factor reserved for cell signaling? PNAS, September 26, 2006; 103(39): 14259 - 14260. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Ahamed, H. H. Versteeg, M. Kerver, V. M. Chen, B. M. Mueller, P. J. Hogg, and W. Ruf Disulfide isomerization switches tissue factor from coagulation to cell signaling PNAS, September 19, 2006; 103(38): 13932 - 13937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|