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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2004;24:923.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.

Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins

Regional Body Composition Changes Exhibit Opposing Effects on Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors

Tomohiro Okura; Yoshio Nakata; Keisuke Yamabuki; Kiyoji Tanaka

From the Human Genomics Laboratory (T.O.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, La; the Doctoral Program in Health and Sport Sciences (Y.N.), University of Tsukuba, Japan; the Department of Cardiology (K.Y.), Higashi Toride Hospital, Japan; and the Institute of Health and Sport Sciences (K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Japan.

Correspondence to Tomohiro Okura, Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808. E-mail tomohiro_okura{at}yahoo.co.jp

Objective— We investigated how regional body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is associated with risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) during weight reduction in obese women.

Methods and Results— Data were gathered from 128 overweight and obese women, aged 34 to 66 years, during a 14-week intervention study with diet and exercise. Regional (arms, legs, and trunk) fat tissue (FT) and lean soft tissue (LST) were measured by DXA. The FT change in legs correlated negatively with changes in diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and the number of CHD risk factors per subject (r=–0.17, P<0.05 to –0.26, P<0.01) in response to weight reduction, whereas truncal FT change had positive correlations with changes in triglycerides, LDL-C, FPG, and the number of CHD risk factors per subject (r=0.17, P<0.05 to 0.25, P<0.01). LST change in legs correlated negatively with changes in systolic blood pressure, FPG, and the number of risk factors (r=–0.20 to –0.21, P<0.05).

Conclusions— Regional body composition information is important for evaluating improvement of CHD risk factors during weight-reduction treatment for obesity; differential FTs had opposing effects on CHD risk factors during weight reduction in obese women.

Key Words: obesity • risk factors • exercise • diet

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