This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Data Supplement All Versions of this Article: 24/2/282    most recent 01.ATV.0000114565.42679.c6v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Yamauchi, R. Articles by Kita, T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Yamauchi, R. Articles by Kita, T. Related Collections Infectious endocarditis Growth factors/cytokines Valvular heart disease Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide

(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2004;24:282.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.

Vascular Biology

Upregulation of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 and Recruitment of CD8⁺ T Cells in Cardiac Valves During Inflammatory Valvular Heart Disease

Ryoko Yamauchi; Makoto Tanaka; Noriaki Kume; Manabu Minami; Takahiro Kawamoto; Kiyonori Togi; Takeshi Shimaoka; Shu Takahashi; Junko Yamaguchi; Takeshi Nishina; Masanori Kitaichi; Masashi Komeda; Toshiaki Manabe; Shin Yonehara; Toru Kita

From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.Y., N.K., T.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; the Department of Social Service (M.T.), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; the Department of Geriatric Medicine (M.T., M.M., T.K., K.T.), Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; the Institute for Viral Research (T.S., S.Y.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Biomedical Research Laboratories (S.T., J.Y.), Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan; the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.N., M.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; and the Department of Anatomic Pathology (M.K., T.M.), Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.

Correspondence to Dr Makoto Tanaka, Department of Social Service, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. E-mail makoto{at}kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Objective— SR-PSOX/CXCL16 is a transmembrane chemokine and is implicated in activated CD8⁺ T cell trafficking. In the present study, we examined the expression pattern of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 in the heart and investigated a potential role of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 in inflammatory valvular heart disease.

Methods and Results— Initial expression of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 in murine embryos was detected in endothelial cells lining endocardial cushions in the forming heart at E11.5. From mid-gestation to adult, expression of this gene in the heart was exclusively observed in valvular endothelial cells. Examination of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 expression in human cardiac valves demonstrated that SR-PSOX/CXCL16 was strongly expressed in valvular and neocapillary endothelial cells in patients with infective endocarditis. SR-PSOX/CXCL16 expression in neocapillary endothelial cells was also observed in patients with rheumatic and atherosclerotic valvular disease. Moreover, CD8⁺ T cells were distributed closely to endothelial cells expressing SR-PSOX/CXCL16. In vitro adhesion assays showed that SR-PSOX/CXCL16 induced adhesion of activated CD8⁺ T cells to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) through very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) activation. Furthermore, SR-PSOX/CXCL16 stimulated interferon- (IFN-) production by CD8⁺ T cells.

Conclusions— SR-PSOX/CXCL16 may be involved in CD8⁺ T cell recruitment through VLA-4 activation and stimulation of IFN- production by CD8⁺ T cells during inflammatory valvular heart disease.

Key Words: SR-PSOX/CXCL16 • cardiac valve • endothelial cell • infective endocarditis • CD8⁺ T cell

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Matsumura, B. Wang, N. Kawashima, S. Braunstein, M. Badura, T. O. Cameron, J. S. Babb, R. J. Schneider, S. C. Formenti, M. L. Dustin, et al. Radiation-Induced CXCL16 Release by Breast Cancer Cells Attracts Effector T Cells J. Immunol., September 1, 2008; 181(5): 3099 - 3107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Smith, B. Halvorsen, K. Otterdal, T. Waehre, A. Yndestad, B. Fevang, W. J. Sandberg, U. M. Breland, S. S. Froland, E. Oie, et al. High levels and inflammatory effects of soluble CXC ligand 16 (CXCL16) in coronary artery disease: down-regulatory effects of statins Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2008; 79(1): 195 - 203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Beekhuizen and J. S. van de Gevel Gamma Interferon Confers Resistance to Infection with Staphylococcus aureus in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Cooperative Proinflammatory and Enhanced Intrinsic Antibacterial Activities Infect. Immun., December 1, 2007; 75(12): 5615 - 5626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Facco, I. Baesso, M. Miorin, M. Bortoli, A. Cabrelle, E. Boscaro, C. Gurrieri, L. Trentin, R. Zambello, F. Calabrese, et al. Expression and role of CCR6/CCL20 chemokine axis in pulmonary sarcoidosis J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2007; 82(4): 946 - 955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. E. Garcia, L. D. Truong, P. Li, P. Zhang, R. J. Johnson, C. B. Wilson, and L. Feng Inhibition of CXCL16 Attenuates Inflammatory and Progressive Phases of Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody-Associated Glomerulonephritis Am. J. Pathol., May 1, 2007; 170(5): 1485 - 1496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Lehrke, S. C. Millington, M. Lefterova, R. G. Cumaranatunge, P. Szapary, R. Wilensky, D. J. Rader, M. A. Lazar, and M. P. Reilly CXCL16 Is a Marker of Inflammation, Atherosclerosis, and Acute Coronary Syndromes in Humans J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 30, 2007; 49(4): 442 - 449. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Hara, T. Katakai, J.-H. Lee, Y. Nambu, N. Nakajima-Nagata, H. Gonda, M. Sugai, and A. Shimizu A transmembrane chemokine, CXC chemokine ligand 16, expressed by lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells has the potential to regulate T cell migration and adhesion Int. Immunol., February 1, 2006; 18(2): 301 - 311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Agostini, A. Cabrelle, F. Calabrese, M. Bortoli, E. Scquizzato, S. Carraro, M. Miorin, B. Beghe, L. Trentin, R. Zambello, et al. Role for CXCR6 and Its Ligand CXCL16 in the Pathogenesis of T-Cell Alveolitis in Sarcoidosis Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2005; 172(10): 1290 - 1298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Chandrasekar, S. Mummidi, A. J. Valente, D. N. Patel, S. R. Bailey, G. L. Freeman, M. Hatano, T. Tokuhisa, and L. E. Jensen The Pro-atherogenic Cytokine Interleukin-18 Induces CXCL16 Expression in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells via MyD88, Interleukin-1 Receptor-associated Kinase, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor 6, c-Src, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase, Akt, c-Jun N-terminal Kinase, and Activator Protein-1 Signaling J. Biol. Chem., July 15, 2005; 280(28): 26263 - 26277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Chu, Y. Gong, Z. Jiang, and S. Xiong Involvement of Up-Regulated CXC Chemokine Ligand 16/Scavenger Receptor That Binds Phosphatidylserine and Oxidized Lipoprotein in Endotoxin-Induced Lethal Liver Injury via Regulation of T-Cell Recruitment and Adhesion Infect. Immun., July 1, 2005; 73(7): 4007 - 4016. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Sato, H. Thorlacius, B. Johnston, T. L. Staton, W. Xiang, D. R. Littman, and E. C. Butcher Role for CXCR6 in Recruitment of Activated CD8+ Lymphocytes to Inflamed Liver J. Immunol., January 1, 2005; 174(1): 277 - 283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]