Published online before print September 11, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000094961.74697.54
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Brief Reviews |
Endothelial Protection by High-Density Lipoproteins
From Bench to Bedside
From the Center E. Grossi Paoletti, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milano, Italy.
Correspondence to Professor Guido Franceschini, Center E. Grossi Paoletti, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy. E-mail Guido.Franceschini{at}unimi.it
Series Editor: James Scott
ATVB in Focus
Lipoproteins, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis
Previous Brief Reviews in this Series:
•Pennachhio LA, Rubin EM. Apolipoprotein A5, a newly identified gene that affects plasma triglyceride levels in humans and mice. 2003;23:529–534.
•Cullen P, Baetta R, Bellosta S, Bernini F, Chinetti G, Cignarella A, von Eckardstein A, Exley A, Goddard M, Hofker M, Hurt-Camejo E, Kanters E, Kovanen P, Lorkowski S, McPheat W, Pentikäinen M, Rauterberg J, Ritchie A, Staels B, Weitkamp B, de Winther M for the MAFAPS Consortium. Rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque: does a good animal model exist? 2003;23:535–542.
•Allayee H, Ghazalpour A, Lusis AJ. Using mice to dissect genetic factors in atherosclerosis. 2003;23:1501–1509.
There are several potential mechanisms by which HDLs protect against the development of vascular disease. One relates to the unique ability of these lipoproteins to remove cholesterol from the arterial wall. Another is the ability of HDL to prevent and eventually correct endothelial dysfunction, a key variable in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications. HDLs help maintain endothelial integrity, facilitate vascular relaxation, inhibit blood cell adhesion to vascular endothelium, reduce platelet aggregability and coagulation, and may favor fibrinolysis. These functions of HDLs complement their activity in arterial cholesterol removal by providing an excellent rationale for favorably influencing pathological processes underlying a variety of clinical conditions, such as accelerated atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndromes, and restenosis after coronary angioplasty, through a chronic or acute elevation of plasma HDL concentration.
Key Words: high-density lipoproteins • endothelium • endothelial dysfunction • atherosclerosis
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