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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2002;22:492.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.

Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins

Impact of Dietary Intervention, Sex, and Apolipoprotein E Phenotype on Tracking of Serum Lipids and Apolipoproteins in 1- to 5-Year-Old Children

The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP)

Leena Rask-Nissilä; Eero Jokinen; Jorma Viikari; Anne Tammi; Tapani Rönnemaa; Jukka Marniemi; Pia Salo; Taina Routi; Hans Helenius; Ilkka Välimäki; Olli Simell

From the Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (L.R.-N., A.T., P.S., T.R.) and the Departments of Pediatrics (L.R.-N., A.T., P.S., T.R., I.V., O.S.), Medicine (J.V., T.R.), and Biostatistics (H.H.), University of Turku, Turku, Finland; the Department of Pediatrics (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; and the Research and Development Centre of Social Insurance Institution (J.M.), Turku, Finland.

Correspondence to Leena Rask-Nissilä, MD, Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. E-mail leena.rask-nissila{at}utu.fi

The effects of dietary intervention, sex, and apolipoprotein E phenotype on tracking of serum lipid values in young children have remained poorly characterized. We investigated these associations in 1062 infants who were randomized into control and intervention groups (n=522 and n=540, respectively) at age 7 months; the intervention group received counseling aimed at maintaining a low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol diet. In 519 children in the control (n=254) and intervention (n=265) groups, serum lipid values were studied annually between 13 months and 5 years of age. In all children, tracking was strongest for the ratio of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol to total cholesterol; when a 13-month-old child belonged to the lowest quartile of the distribution, the odds ratio for belonging to the same quartile at older ages was 39.0 (95% CI 23.1 to 66.0). Dietary intervention did not influence the tracking of serum lipids. Tracking of HDL cholesterol was stronger in the boys than in the girls (P=0.018). Tracking of non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in the children with phenotypes E2/3 or E3/3 was stronger than that in the other children (P=0.031 and P=0.014, respectively). In conclusion, the apolipoprotein E phenotype strongly influences tracking of non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B values in early childhood, whereas dietary intervention had no effect on tracking of any of the lipids. A child’s sex influenced tracking only of HDL cholesterol, with boys showing stronger tracking.

Key Words: children • diet • cholesterol • apolipoprotein E • tracking

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