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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2001;21:1520.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.

Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins

Exercise Prevents the Accumulation of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Their Remnants Seen When Changing to a High-Carbohydrate Diet

Christina Koutsari; Fredrik Karpe; Sandy M. Humphreys; Keith N. Frayn; Adrianne E. Hardman

From the Human Muscle Metabolism Research Group (C.K., A.E.H.), Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK, and the Oxford Lipid Metabolism Group (F.K., S.M.H., K.N.F.), Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.

Reprint requests to Prof Adrianne E. Hardman, Human Muscle Metabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Sports Science and Recreation Management, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK. E-mail a.e.hardman{at}lboro.ac.uk

Abstract—— We tested the hypothesis that daily aerobic exercise opposes the fasting hypertriglyceridemia and exaggerated postprandial lipemia observed after substituting dietary fat with carbohydrate. Eight healthy postmenopausal women aged 51 to 66 years consumed the same high-fat mixed meal on 3 occasions: (1) after 3 days on a low-carbohydrate diet (35%, 50%, and 15% energy from carbohydrate, fat, and protein, respectively); (2) after 3 days on an isoenergetic high-carbohydrate diet (corresponding values 70%, 15%, and 15%); and (3) after 3 days on the same high-carbohydrate diet with 60 minutes of brisk walking daily. Plasma triglycerides were higher after the high-carbohydrate diet than after the low-carbohydrate diet: fasting, 1.58±0.19 versus 0.96±0.12 mmol/L, respectively; 6-hour postprandial area under concentration versus time curve, 13.74±1.57 versus 10.12±1.15 (mmol/L)xhour, respectively (both P<0.01). In the fasted and postprandial states, concentrations of apolipoproteins B-48 and B-100 in the triglyceride-rich lipoprotein fraction were significantly higher after the high-carbohydrate diet, as was the concentration of remnant-like lipoprotein particle cholesterol (a measure of lipoprotein remnants). These carbohydrate-induced increases in the number of circulating triglyceride-rich particles and their remnants were abolished when subjects had exercised daily during the high-carbohydrate diet.

Key Words: exercise • dietary carbohydrate • lipoproteins • triglycerides • women

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