Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2001;21:1104-1117
doi: 10.1161/hq0701.093685
doi: 10.1161/hq0701.093685
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Brief Review |
Role of the Matrix Metalloproteinase and Plasminogen Activator–Plasmin Systems in Angiogenesis
From the Department of Morphology, University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
Correspondence to Dr M.S. Pepper, Département de Morphologie, Centre Médical Universitaire, 1, rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland. E-mail: michael.pepper{at}medecine.unige.ch
Abstract—Extracellular proteolysis is an absolute requirement for new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis). This review examines the role of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and plasminogen activator (PA)–plasmin systems during angiogenesis. Specifically, a role for gelatinases (MMP-2, MMP-9), membrane-type 1 MMP (MMP-14), the urokinase-type PA receptor, and PA inhibitor 1 has been clearly defined in a number of model systems. The MMP and PA-plasmin systems have also been implicated in experimental vascular tumor formation, and their role during this process will be examined. Antiproteolysis, particularly in the context of angiogenesis, has become a key target in therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting tumor growth and other diseases associated with neovascularization.
Key Words: extracellular matrix • endothelium • metalloproteinase • plasminogen • cancer
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