Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2001;21:739-745
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Vascular Biology |
Increased NAD(P)H Oxidase and Reactive Oxygen Species in Coronary Arteries After Balloon Injury
From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa.
Correspondence to Yi Shi, MD, Thomas Jefferson University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Suite 403D, 1025 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19107. E-mail yi.shi{at}mail.tju.edu
Abstract—Reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by cellular constituents of the arterial wall, provide a signaling mechanism involved in vascular remodeling. Because adventitial fibroblasts are actively involved in coronary remodeling, we examined whether the changes in the redox state affect their phenotypic characteristics. To this end, superoxide anion production and NAD(P)H oxidase activity were measured in porcine coronary arteries in vivo, and the effect of ROS generation on adventitial fibroblast proliferation was examined in vitro. Superoxide production (SOD- and Tiron-inhibitable nitro blue tetrazolium [NBT] reduction) increased significantly within 24 hours after balloon-induced injury, with the product of NBT reduction present predominantly in adventitial fibroblasts. These changes were NAD(P)H oxidase–dependent, because diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) abolished superoxide generation (P<0.001). Furthermore, the injury-induced superoxide production was associated with augmented NAD(P)H oxidase activity and upregulation of p47phox and p67phox in adventitial fibroblasts (immunohistochemistry). Serum stimulation of isolated adventitial fibroblasts produced time-dependent increases in ROS production (peak 3 to 6 hours). The inhibition of ROS generation with NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor (DPI) or the removal of ROS with antioxidants (Tiron, catalase) abrogated proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts. These results indicate that vascular NAD(P)H oxidase plays a central role in the upregulation of oxidative stress after coronary injury, providing pivotal growth signals for coronary fibroblasts.
Key Words: reactive oxygen species • NAD(P)H oxidase • coronary remodeling • adventitial fibroblast
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