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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2001;21:2086.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.

Thrombosis

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Relations to Fatty Acid Composition in the Diet and in Serum Cholesterol Esters

Liisa Byberg; Annika Smedman; Bengt Vessby; Hans Lithell

From the Sections of Geriatrics (L.B., H.L.) and Clinical Nutrition Research (A.S., B.V.), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Correspondence to Liisa Byberg, MD, Section of Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, PO Box 609, SE-75125 Uppsala, Sweden. E-mail liisa.byberg{at}pubcare.uu.se

High plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 levels and poor dietary fat quality are potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The aim was to investigate the cross-sectional associations between PAI-1 activity and dietary nutrient intake, focusing on fat quality, in a population-based study of 871 men aged 70 years. The relationship between PAI-1 and the fatty acid composition in serum cholesterol esters (n=381 men) was also studied. The estimated total fat intake was positively associated with PAI-1 activity. The intake of both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was positively associated with PAI-1 activity, whereas the intake of saturated fatty acids was not. In serum cholesterol esters, higher proportions of palmitoleic and dihomo--linolenic acid, a lower proportion of linoleic acid, and reduced estimated 5-desaturase activity were associated with higher PAI-1 levels. These associations were confounded by factors representing the insulin resistance syndrome. PAI-1 activity was positively associated with -linolenic and arachidonic acid, independent of potential confounders. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids is positively associated with PAI-1 activity, whereas intake of saturated fatty acids is not. The associations present between PAI-1 activity and the fatty acid proportions in serum cholesterol esters are partly influenced by metabolic syndrome-related factors.

Key Words: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 • fatty acid composition • diet • serum cholesterol esters • population-based study

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