Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2001;21:13-27
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Brief Reviews |
High Density Lipoproteins and Arteriosclerosis
Role of Cholesterol Efflux and Reverse Cholesterol Transport
From the Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin (A.v.E., J.-R.N., G.A.), Zentrallaboratorium, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, and the Institut für Arterioskleroseforschung an der Universität Münster (A.v.E., J.-R.N., G.A.), Münster, Germany.
Correspondence to Dr Arnold von Eckardstein, Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Zentrallaboratorium, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse 33, D-48129 Münster, Germany. E-mail vonecka{at}uni-muenster.de
Abstract—High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease, and HDL exerts various potentially antiatherogenic properties, including the mediation of reverse transport of cholesterol from cells of the arterial wall to the liver and steroidogenic organs. Enhancement of cholesterol efflux and of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is considered an important target for antiatherosclerotic drug therapy. Levels and composition of HDL subclasses in plasma are regulated by many factors, including apolipoproteins, lipolytic enzymes, lipid transfer proteins, receptors, and cellular transporters. In vitro experiments as well as genetic family and population studies and investigation of transgenic animal models have revealed that HDL cholesterol plasma levels do not necessarily reflect the efficacy and antiatherogenicity of RCT. Instead, the concentration of HDL subclasses, the mobilization of cellular lipids for efflux, and the kinetics of HDL metabolism are important determinants of RCT and the risk of atherosclerosis.
Key Words: apolipoproteins • lipid transfer proteins • lipases • ABC transporter • Tangier disease
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M. Lee, C. P. Sommerhoff, A. von Eckardstein, F. Zettl, H. Fritz, and P. T. Kovanen Mast Cell Tryptase Degrades HDL and Blocks Its Function as an Acceptor of Cellular Cholesterol Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2002; 22(12): 2086 - 2091. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 T. B. Clarkson, M. S. Anthony, T. S. Mikkola, and R. W. St Clair Comparison of Tibolone and Conjugated Equine Estrogens Effects on Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis of Postmenopausal Monkeys Stroke, November 1, 2002; 33(11): 2700 - 2703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. Parhami, B. Basseri, J. Hwang, Y. Tintut, and L. L. Demer High-Density Lipoprotein Regulates Calcification of Vascular Cells Circ. Res., October 4, 2002; 91(7): 570 - 576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Jansen, A. J. M. Verhoeven, and E. J. G. Sijbrands Hepatic lipase: a pro- or anti-atherogenic protein? J. Lipid Res., September 1, 2002; 43(9): 1352 - 1362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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X. Wang and B. Paigen Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Regulating HDL Cholesterol: A Murine Chromosome Map Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., September 1, 2002; 22(9): 1390 - 1401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. A. Feister, B. J. Auerbach, L. A. Cole, B. R. Krause, and S. K. Karathanasis Identification of an IL-6 response element in the human LCAT promoter J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2002; 43(6): 960 - 970. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. B. Javitt 25R,26-Hydroxycholesterol revisited: synthesis, metabolism, and biologic roles J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2002; 43(5): 665 - 670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. Van Eck, I. S. T. Bos, W. E. Kaminski, E. Orso, G. Rothe, J. Twisk, A. Bottcher, E. S. Van Amersfoort, T. A. Christiansen-Weber, W.-P. Fung-Leung, et al. Leukocyte ABCA1 controls susceptibility to atherosclerosis and macrophage recruitment into tissues PNAS, April 30, 2002; 99(9): 6298 - 6303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. S. Levinson High Density- and Beta-Lipoprotein Screening for Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in the Context of New Findings on Reverse Cholesterol Transport Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., April 1, 2002; 32(2): 123 - 136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. M. Baez, S. E. Barbour, and D. E. Cohen Phosphatidylcholine Transfer Protein Promotes Apolipoprotein A-I-mediated Lipid Efflux in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells J. Biol. Chem., February 15, 2002; 277(8): 6198 - 6206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Baldassarre, M. Amato, L. Pustina, E. Tremoli, C. R. Sirtori, L. Calabresi, and G. Franceschini Increased Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Subjects With Primary Hypoalphalipoproteinemia Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., February 1, 2002; 22(2): 317 - 322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. A. Argmann, C. H. Van Den Diepstraten, C. G. Sawyez, J. Y. Edwards, R. A. Hegele, B. M. Wolfe, and M. W. Huff Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 Inhibits Macrophage Cholesteryl Ester Accumulation Induced by Native and Oxidized VLDL Remnants Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2001; 21(12): 2011 - 2018. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z. H. Huang, C.-Y. Lin, J. F. Oram, and T. Mazzone Sterol Efflux Mediated by Endogenous Macrophage ApoE Expression Is Independent of ABCA1 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2001; 21(12): 2019 - 2025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. Williams and F. K. Welty High Level of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) Does Not Attenuate Increased Risk of Elevated Triglycerides Arch Intern Med, October 22, 2001; 161(19): 2385 - 2385. [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. C. McManus, B. R. Scott, V. Franklin, D. L. Sparks, and Y. L. Marcel Proteolytic Degradation and Impaired Secretion of an Apolipoprotein A-I Mutant Associated with Dominantly Inherited Hypoalphalipoproteinemia J. Biol. Chem., June 8, 2001; 276(24): 21292 - 21302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J.-R. Nofer, B. Levkau, I. Wolinska, R. Junker, M. Fobker, A. von Eckardstein, U. Seedorf, and G. Assmann Suppression of Endothelial Cell Apoptosis by High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) and HDL-associated Lysosphingolipids J. Biol. Chem., September 7, 2001; 276(37): 34480 - 34485. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Van Eck, I. S. T. Bos, W. E. Kaminski, E. Orso, G. Rothe, J. Twisk, A. Bottcher, E. S. Van Amersfoort, T. A. Christiansen-Weber, W.-P. Fung-Leung, et al. Leukocyte ABCA1 controls susceptibility to atherosclerosis and macrophage recruitment into tissues PNAS, April 30, 2002; 99(9): 6298 - 6303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. J. de Grooth, J. A. Kuivenhoven, A. F.H. Stalenhoef, J. de Graaf, A. H. Zwinderman, J. L. Posma, A. van Tol, and J. J.P. Kastelein Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitor, JTT-705, in Humans: A Randomized Phase II Dose-Response Study Circulation, May 7, 2002; 105(18): 2159 - 2165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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