© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins |
Associations of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors With the Intermediate Lesion of Atherosclerosis in Youth
From the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.C.M, C.A.M) and the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research (H.C.M.), San Antonio, Tex, and the Louisiana State University Medical Center (A.W.Z., G.D.S., J.V.W., D.A.T., G.T.M., R.E.T., M.C.O, J.P.S.), New Orleans.
Correspondence to Henry C. McGill, Jr, MD, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, Texas 78245-0549. E-mail jstron{at}lsumc.edu
Abstract—The raised fatty streak
(fatty plaque) is the gross term for the lesion intermediate between
the juvenile (flat) fatty streak and the raised lesion of
atherosclerosis. We measured the percentage of intimal
surface involved with flat fatty streaks, raised fatty streaks, and
raised lesions in the aortas and right coronary arteries of
2876 autopsied persons aged 15 through 34 years who died of external
causes. Raised fatty streaks were present in the abdominal aortas
of 
20% of 15- to 19-year-old subjects, and this percentage
increased to 40% for 30- to 34-year-old subjects. Raised fatty
streaks were present in the right coronary arteries of
10% of 15- to 19-year-old subjects, and this percentage increased
to 30% for 30- to 34-year-old subjects. The percent intimal surface
involved with raised fatty streaks increased with age in both arteries
and was associated with high non–high density lipoprotein (HDL) and
low HDL cholesterol concentrations in the abdominal aorta
and right coronary artery, with hypertension in the abdominal
aorta, with obesity in the right coronary artery of men, and
with impaired glucose tolerance in the right coronary artery.
Associations of risk factors with raised fatty streaks became evident
in subjects in their late teens, whereas associations of risk factors
with raised lesions became evident in subjects aged >25 years. These
results are consistent with the putative transitional role of
raised fatty streaks and show that coronary heart disease risk
factors accelerate atherogenesis in the second decade of life. Thus,
long-range prevention of atherosclerosis should begin
in childhood or adolescence.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • intermediate lesion • raised fatty streaks • fatty plaque • risk factors
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