© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins |
Distribution of ApoA-I–Containing HDL Subpopulations in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
From the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging at Tufts University, and the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Molecular Medicine (B.F.A., J.R.M., K.V.H., E.J.S.), New England Medical Center, Boston, Mass; the Physiology Department (P.S.R.), Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans; the Division of Cardiology (R.L.M.), Alton Ochsner Hospital, New Orleans, La; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center (M.L.), Baton Rouge, La.
Correspondence to Bela F. Asztalos, PhD, JM-USDA/HNRC at Tufts University, Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111. E-mail belaasztalos{at}yahoo.com
Abstract—High
density lipoproteins (HDLs) and their subspecies play a role in the
development of coronary heart disease (CHD). HDL subpopulations
were measured by 2-dimensional nondenaturing gel electrophoresis in 79
male control subjects and 76 male CHD patients to test the hypothesis
that greater differences in apolipoprotein (apo)A-I–containing HDL
subpopulations would exist between these 2 groups than for traditional
lipid levels. In CHD subjects, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) was
lower (-14%, P<0.001), whereas total cholesterol and
the low density lipoprotein cholesterol/HDL-C ratio were
higher (9% [P<0.05] and 21%
[P<0.01], respectively) compared with control
levels. No significant differences were found for low density
lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and
apoA-I levels. In CHD subjects, there were significantly
(P<0.001) lower concentrations of the large
lipoprotein (Lp)A-I 
1 (-35%),
pre-1 (-50%),
pre-2 (-33%), and
pre-3 (-31%) subpopulations, whereas the
concentrations of the small LpA-I/A-II 3
particles were significantly (P<0.001) higher (20%).
Because 1 was decreased more than HDL-C and
plasma apoA-I concentrations in CHD subjects, the ratios of HDL-C to
1 and of apoA-I to
1 were significantly
(P<0.001) higher by 36% and 57%, respectively,
compared with control values. Subjects with low HDL-C levels (
35
mg/dL) have different distributions of apoA-I–containing HDL
subpopulations than do subjects with normal HDL-C levels (>35 mg/dL).
Therefore, we stratified participants according to HDL-C concentrations
into low and normal groups. The differences in lipid levels between
controls and HDL-C–matched cases substantially decreased; however, the
significant differences in HDL subspecies remained. Our research
findings support the concept that compared with control subjects, CHD
patients not only have HDL deficiency but also have a major
rearrangement in the HDL subpopulations with significantly lower
1 and pre-1–3
(LpA-I) and significantly higher 3
(LpA-I/A-II) particles.
Key Words: HDL subpopulations • coronary heart disease • lipids • lipoproteins • apolipoproteins
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