© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.
Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins |
Detection, Quantification, and Characterization of Potentially Atherogenic Triglyceride-Rich Remnant Lipoproteins
From the Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Correspondence to Jeffrey S. Cohn, Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Ave W, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7. E-mail cohnj{at}ircm.qc.ca
Abstract—Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants are formed in the circulation when apolipoprotein (apo) B-48–containing chylomicrons of intestinal origin or apoB-100–containing VLDL of hepatic origin are converted by lipoprotein lipase, and to a lesser extent by hepatic lipase, into smaller and more dense particles. Compared with their nascent precursors, TRL remnants are depleted of triglyceride, phospholipid, and C apolipoproteins and are enriched in cholesteryl esters and apoE. They can thus be identified, separated, and/or quantified in plasma according to their density, charge, size, specific lipid components, apolipoprotein composition, and/or apolipoprotein immunospecificity. Each of these approaches has contributed to our current understanding of the compositional characteristics of TRL remnants and their potential to promote atherosclerosis. An ongoing search is nevertheless under way for more accurate and clinically applicable remnant lipoprotein assays that will be able to better define coronary artery disease risk in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
Key Words: atherogenesis • triglycerides • apolipoproteins • lipoproteins • assay
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