© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Associations of HDL2 and HDL3 Subfractions With Ischemic Heart Disease in Men
Prospective Results From the Québec Cardiovascular Study
From the Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, Ste-Foy, and the Department of Medicine, University of Montréal (G.R.D.), Québec, Canada.
Correspondence to Jean-Pierre Després, PhD, Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, 2705 Laurier Blvd, TR-93, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2. E-mail jean-pierre.despres{at}crchul.ulaval.ca
Abstract Individuals with elevated plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol are at lower risk for ischemic heart disease (IHD). Whether the cardioprotective effects of HDL can be attributed to one or both HDL subfractions (HDL2 and HDL3) remains, however, controversial. The relationship of HDL subfractions to the incidence of IHD was investigated in a sample of 1169 French-Canadian men younger than 60 years and living in the Quebec City suburbs. Between 1980 to 1981 and 1990, 83 of the 944 men with complete follow-up in 1990 (80.8%) had a first IHD. Men who developed IHD had lower HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 cholesterol concentrations at baseline than men who remained free from IHD. Adjusted relative risk (RR) of IHD was calculated among quartiles of HDL cholesterol and HDL subfractions with the use of Cox survival models. Men in the fourth quartile of HDL2 (RR=0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08 to 0.56) and HDL3 cholesterol distributions (RR=0.37; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.94) were at lower risk for IHD than men in the first quartile. Despite the fact that the respective contributions of HDL2 and HDL3 to IHD risk were of the same magnitude in a multivariate model that included both subfractions, the contribution of the HDL2 subfraction was statistically significant (standardized RR=0.84; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.95), whereas it did not reach significance for HDL3 (standardized RR=0.87; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.11). Neither the linear combination of HDL2 and HDL3 nor their ratio provided further information on the risk of IHD compared with HDL cholesterol alone or with the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol. >From a statistical standpoint, the present data suggest that the HDL2 subfraction may be more closely related to the development of IHD than the HDL3 subfraction. However, the qualitative difference in the relative predictive value of each subfraction was trivial, since it only corresponded to a modest quantitative difference. Thus, the possibility that a significant proportion of the cardioprotective effect of elevated HDL cholesterol levels may be mediated by the HDL3 subfraction still cannot be excluded. Finally, from a clinical point of view and within the limits of resolution provided by these data, the measurement of HDL subfractions does not appear to provide any additional information on the risk of IHD than HDL cholesterol alone or the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol.
Key Words: HDL subfractions • ischemic heart disease
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  S. Mora Advanced Lipoprotein Testing and Subfractionation Are Not (Yet) Ready for Routine Clinical Use Circulation, May 5, 2009; 119(17): 2396 - 2404. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Stefan, K. Kantartzis, and H.-U. Haring Causes and Metabolic Consequences of Fatty Liver Endocr. Rev., December 1, 2008; 29(7): 939 - 960. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Hirano, K. Nohtomi, S. Koba, A. Muroi, and Y. Ito A simple and precise method for measuring HDL-cholesterol subfractions by a single precipitation followed by homogenous HDL-cholesterol assay J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2008; 49(5): 1130 - 1136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Movva and D. J. Rader Laboratory Assessment of HDL Heterogeneity and Function Clin. Chem., May 1, 2008; 54(5): 788 - 800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Kaess, M. Fischer, A. Baessler, K. Stark, F. Huber, W. Kremer, H. R. Kalbitzer, H. Schunkert, G. Riegger, and C. Hengstenberg The lipoprotein subfraction profile: heritability and identification of quantitative trait loci J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2008; 49(4): 715 - 723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Kantartzis, K. Rittig, A. Cegan, J. Machann, F. Schick, B. Balletshofer, A. Fritsche, E. Schleicher, H.-U. Haring, and N. Stefan Fatty Liver Is Independently Associated With Alterations in Circulating HDL2 and HDL3 Subfractions Diabetes Care, February 1, 2008; 31(2): 366 - 368. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. L Rainwater, M. C Mahaney, J. L VandeBerg, and X. L. Wang Vitamin E dietary supplementation significantly affects multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease in baboons Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2007; 86(3): 597 - 603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Schafer, A. Parlesak, J. Eckoldt, C. Bode, J. C. Bode, W. Marz, and K. Winkler Beyond HDL-cholesterol increase: phospholipid enrichment and shift from HDL3 to HDL2 in alcohol consumers J. Lipid Res., July 1, 2007; 48(7): 1550 - 1558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Watanabe, S. Soderlund, A. Soro-Paavonen, A. Hiukka, E. Leinonen, C. Alagona, R. Salonen, T.-P. Tuomainen, C. Ehnholm, M. Jauhiainen, et al. Decreased High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Particle Size, Pre{beta}-, and Large HDL Subspecies Concentration in Finnish Low-HDL Families: Relationship With Intima-Media Thickness Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2006; 26(4): 897 - 902. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Carr, R. H. Knopp, J. D. Brunzell, B. S. Wheeler, X. Zhu, M. Lakshmanan, A. S. Rosen, and P. W. Anderson Effect of Raloxifene on Serum Triglycerides in Women With a History of Hypertriglyceridemia While on Oral Estrogen Therapy Diabetes Care, July 1, 2005; 28(7): 1555 - 1561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Desroches, M.-E. Paradis, M. Perusse, W. R. Archer, J. Bergeron, P. Couture, N. Bergeron, and B. Lamarche Apolipoprotein A-I, A-II, and VLDL-B-100 metabolism in men: comparison of a low-fat diet and a high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2004; 45(12): 2331 - 2338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Freedman, J. D. Otvos, E. J. Jeyarajah, I. Shalaurova, L. A. Cupples, H. Parise, R. B. D'Agostino, P. W.F. Wilson, and E. J. Schaefer Sex and Age Differences in Lipoprotein Subclasses Measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: The Framingham Study Clin. Chem., July 1, 2004; 50(7): 1189 - 1200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Lamarche and S. Desroches Metabolic syndrome and effects of conjugated linoleic acid in obesity and lipoprotein disorders: the Quebec experience Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 1149S - 1152S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Krauss Lipids and Lipoproteins in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, June 1, 2004; 27(6): 1496 - 1504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. S. Lima and R. C. Maranhao Rapid, Simple Laser-Light-Scattering Method for HDL Particle Sizing in Whole Plasma Clin. Chem., June 1, 2004; 50(6): 1086 - 1088. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Carr, J. D. Brunzell, and S. S. Deeb Ethnic differences in hepatic lipase and HDL in Japanese, black, and white Americans: role of central obesity and LIPC polymorphisms J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2004; 45(3): 466 - 473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Lawrence, J. Reid, G. J. Taylor, C. Stirling, and J. P.D. Reckless Favorable Effects of Pioglitazone and Metformin Compared With Gliclazide on Lipoprotein Subfractions in Overweight Patients With Early Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, January 1, 2004; 27(1): 41 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. C. Carr The Emergence of the Metabolic Syndrome with Menopause J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2003; 88(6): 2404 - 2411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Jenkins, T. J. Lyons, D. Zheng, J. D. Otvos, D. T. Lackland, D. McGee, W. T. Garvey, R. L. Klein, and The DCCT/EDIC Research Group Serum Lipoproteins in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Intervention and Complications Cohort: Associations with gender and glycemia Diabetes Care, March 1, 2003; 26(3): 810 - 818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.C. Carr, A.F. Ayyobi, S.J. Murdoch, S.S. Deeb, and J.D. Brunzell Contribution of Hepatic Lipase, Lipoprotein Lipase, and Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein to LDL and HDL Heterogeneity in Healthy Women Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2002; 22(4): 667 - 673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Pascot, I. Lemieux, D. Prud'homme, A. Tremblay, A. Nadeau, C. Couillard, J. Bergeron, B. Lamarche, and J.-P. Despres Reduced HDL particle size as an additional feature of the atherogenic dyslipidemia of abdominal obesity J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2001; 42(12): 2007 - 2014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Perusse, A. Pascot, J.-P. Despres, C. Couillard, and B. Lamarche A new method for HDL particle sizing by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis using whole plasma J. Lipid Res., August 1, 2001; 42(8): 1331 - 1334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Stein, M. A. Klein, J. L. Bellehumeur, P. E. McBride, D. A. Wiebe, J. D. Otvos, and J. M. Sosman Use of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protease Inhibitors Is Associated With Atherogenic Lipoprotein Changes and Endothelial Dysfunction Circulation, July 17, 2001; 104(3): 257 - 262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. A. Golomb and M. H. Criqui Antihypertensives: Much Ado About Lipids Arch Intern Med, March 22, 1999; 159(6): 535 - 537. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Freedman, J. D. Otvos, E. J. Jeyarajah, J. J. Barboriak, A. J. Anderson, and J. A. Walker Relation of Lipoprotein Subclasses as Measured by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Coronary Artery Disease Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, July 1, 1998; 18(7): 1046 - 1053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Lamarche, A. Tchernof, P. Mauriege, B. Cantin, G. R. Dagenais, P. J. Lupien, and J.-P. Despres Fasting Insulin and Apolipoprotein B Levels and Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size as Risk Factors for Ischemic Heart Disease JAMA, June 24, 1998; 279(24): 1955 - 1961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.C. Carr, A.F. Ayyobi, S.J. Murdoch, S.S. Deeb, and J.D. Brunzell Contribution of Hepatic Lipase, Lipoprotein Lipase, and Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein to LDL and HDL Heterogeneity in Healthy Women Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2002; 22(4): 667 - 673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|