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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 1997;17:820-825.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Associations Between Diet and the Hyperapobetalipoproteinemia Phenotype Expression in Children and Young Adults

The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Ilpo O. Nuotio; Olli T. Raitakari; Kimmo V.K. Porkka; Leena Räsänen; Teemu Moilanen; ; Jorma S.A. Viikari

From the Department of Medicine (I.O.N, J.S.A.V.), the Cardiorespiratory Research Unit (I.O.N), and the Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Turku (O.T.R.); the Department of Medicine (K.V.K.P.) and the Division of Nutrition, University of Helsinki (L.R.); and the Medical School, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital (T.M.), Finland.

Correspondence to Ilpo O. Nuotio, MD, Cardiorespiratory Research Unit, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. E-mail ilpo.nuotio{at}ktl.fi

Abstract The effect of diet on blood lipids has been under intensive study during recent decades. However, diet in the context of the hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (hyperapoB) phenotype has received less attention. The hyperapoB phenotype is commonly encountered in patients with premature coronary heart disease. It is defined as a combination of an increased concentration of apolipoprotein B (apo B), a normal concentration of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), and as a result, a low LDL-C/apo B ratio. We studied the associations between diet and blood lipids in a cohort of 534 children and young adults 9 to 24 years old. The ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fats (P/S ratio) correlated (r=-0.19, P<.001) with the LDL-C/apo B ratio. This association was also found when the model was adjusted with triglycerides (r=-0.24, P<.001). A change in the P/S ratio from 0.10 to 0.60 corresponded to a decrease of 0.12 in the LDL-C/apo B ratio, and in the highest apo B decile, the P/S value was higher in hyperapoB individuals (0.33) than in others (0.28, P=.019). Our results imply that the fatty acid composition of the diet may be one of the environmental factors that influence the hyperapoB phenotype expression.

Key Words: diet • lipids • hyperapobetalipoproteinemia • serum fatty acids • lipoproteins

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