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(Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 1996;16:381-385.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor–1, Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator, and Fibrinogen

Effect of Dieting With or Without Exercise in Overweight Postmenopausal Women

Ole Lander Svendsen; Christian Hassager; Claus Christiansen; Jørn Dalsgaard Nielsen; Kaj Winther

From the Center for Clinical and Basic Research (O.L.S., C.H., C.C.), Ballerup; the Department of Clinical Chemistry (J.D.N.), Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte; and the Department of Clinical Chemistry (K.W.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding, Denmark.

Correspondence to Ole Lander Svendsen, MD, Center for Clinical and Basic Research, Ballerup Byvej 222, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark, or Kaj Winther, MD, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kolding Hospital, DK-6000 Kolding, Denmark.

Abstract This study assessed the short- and long-term effects of an energy-restrictive diet with or without exercise on plasminogen activator inhibitor–1 antigen (PAI-1 Ag) and PAI-1 activity, tissue-type plasminogen activator antigen (TPA Ag), and fibrinogen serum levels. Healthy, overweight postmenopausal women (age, 53.8±2.5 years; body mass index, 25 to 42 kg/m²; n=121) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, 4200-kJ/d diet, or 4200-kJ/d diet with combined aerobic and anaerobic exercise. PAI-1 activity and PAI-1 Ag, TPA Ag, and fibrinogen levels were measured at baseline, after a 12-week intervention, and after a further 6-month follow-up. PAI-1 Ag and activity and TPA Ag were positively correlated with serum triglyceride levels, the abdominal-to–total-body fat ratio (as assessed by total-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), fasting blood glucose, and systolic BP and negatively with HDL cholesterol and sex hormone–binding globulin. The diet led to profound decreases and normalization of PAI-1 activity (50%), PAI-1 Ag (30%), and TPA Ag (29%), but exercise conferred no additional effect. Fibrinogen did not change. At follow-up there were no longer any significant changes (P>.05). In conclusion, PAI-1 Ag and activity as well as TPA Ag seem to be part of the metabolic syndrome X. The diet made the blood less thrombogenic in the short term with no effect of the added exercise.

Key Words: diet • plasminogen activator inhibitor–1 • fibrinogen • exercise • postmenopausal

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