© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor–1, Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator, and Fibrinogen
Effect of Dieting With or Without Exercise in Overweight Postmenopausal Women
From the Center for Clinical and Basic Research (O.L.S., C.H., C.C.), Ballerup; the Department of Clinical Chemistry (J.D.N.), Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte; and the Department of Clinical Chemistry (K.W.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding, Denmark.
Correspondence to Ole Lander Svendsen, MD, Center for Clinical and Basic Research, Ballerup Byvej 222, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark, or Kaj Winther, MD, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kolding Hospital, DK-6000 Kolding, Denmark.
Abstract This study assessed the short- and long-term
effects of an energy-restrictive diet with or without exercise on
plasminogen activator inhibitor–1
antigen (PAI-1 Ag) and PAI-1 activity, tissue-type
plasminogen activator antigen (TPA Ag), and
fibrinogen serum levels. Healthy, overweight postmenopausal women
(age, 53.8±2.5 years; body mass index, 25 to 42 kg/m2;
n=121) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control,
4200-kJ/d diet, or 4200-kJ/d diet with combined aerobic and
anaerobic exercise. PAI-1 activity and PAI-1 Ag, TPA Ag,
and fibrinogen levels were measured at baseline, after a 12-week
intervention, and after a further 6-month follow-up. PAI-1 Ag and
activity and TPA Ag were positively correlated with serum
triglyceride levels, the
abdominal-to–total-body fat ratio (as assessed by
total-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), fasting blood
glucose, and systolic BP and negatively with HDL
cholesterol and sex hormone–binding globulin. The diet
led to profound decreases and normalization of PAI-1 activity
(
50%), PAI-1 Ag (30%), and TPA Ag (29%), but exercise
conferred no additional effect. Fibrinogen did not change. At
follow-up there were no longer any significant changes
(P>.05). In conclusion, PAI-1 Ag and activity as well as
TPA Ag seem to be part of the metabolic syndrome X. The
diet made the blood less thrombogenic in the short term with no effect
of the added exercise.
Key Words: diet • plasminogen activator inhibitor–1 • fibrinogen • exercise • postmenopausal
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