Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis, Vol 12, 187-195, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Low density lipoprotein particle size and coronary artery disease

H Campos, JJ Genest Jr, E Blijlevens, JR McNamara, JL Jenner, JM Ordovas, PW Wilson and EJ Schaefer
Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Mass. 02111.

Decreased plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size has been associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD). We examined LDL particle size by 2-16% gradient gel electrophoresis in 275 men with CAD (greater than 75% cross-sectional-area stenosis) and 822 controls. Seven major LDL size bands (with LDL-1 [d = 1.025-1.033 g/ml] being the largest and LDL-7 [d = 1.050-1.063 g/ml, the smallest]) were identified. Because most subjects had two or more adjacent LDL bands, an LDL score was calculated for each subject, with the relative area in each band taken into consideration. Four major LDL particle size groups were classified in the present studies: large LDL, intermediate LDL, small LDL, and very small LDL. The use of beta-blockers was significantly associated with smaller LDL particles. After adjusting for use of this medication, small LDL particles were still more prevalent in CAD patients (39%) compared with controls (27%). The prevalence of large LDL particles was lower in CAD patients (3%) than in controls (24%). Intermediate LDL particles were the most prevalent in both groups, 49% in CAD patients and 46% in controls. The difference in LDL particle size between CAD patients and controls was not independent but was highly associated (p less than 0.0001) with elevated triglyceride levels and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Significantly higher LDL cholesterol levels were found in subjects with intermediate and small LDL particles than in those with large or very small LDL particles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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				C. D. Gardner, S. P. Fortmann, and R. M. Krauss Association of Small Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles With the Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease in Men and Women JAMA, September 18, 1996; 276(11): 875 - 881. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. J. Stampfer, R. M. Krauss, J. Ma, P. J. Blanche, L. G. Holl, F. M. Sacks, and C. H. Hennekens A Prospective Study of Triglyceride Level, Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Diameter, and Risk of Myocardial Infarction JAMA, September 18, 1996; 276(11): 882 - 888. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. M. Haffner, M. P. Stern, H. Miettinen, D. Robbins, and B. V. Howard Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and LDL Size in a Biethnic Population Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, September 1, 1996; 16(9): 1184 - 1188. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				W. H. Capell, A. Zambon, M. A. Austin, J. D. Brunzell, and J. E. Hokanson Compositional Differences of LDL Particles in Normal Subjects With LDL Subclass Phenotype A and LDL Subclass Phenotype B Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 1996; 16(8): 1040 - 1046. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Campos, K. S. Arnold, M. E. Balestra, T. L. Innerarity, and R. M. Krauss Differences in Receptor Binding of LDL Subfractions Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 1996; 16(6): 794 - 801. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				C. M. Beard, R. J. Barnard, D. C. Robbins, J. M. Ordovas, and E. J. Schaefer Effects of Diet and Exercise on Qualitative and Quantitative Measures of LDL and Its Susceptibility to Oxidation Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, February 1, 1996; 16(2): 201 - 207. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. Halle, A. Berg, J. Keul, and M. W. Baumstark Association Between Serum Fibrinogen Concentrations and HDL and LDL Subfraction Phenotypes in Healthy Men Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 1996; 16(1): 144 - 148. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. P. Stern Do Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease Share Common Antecedents? Ann Intern Med, January 1, 1996; 124(1_Part_2): 110 - 116. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. M. Haffner, C. Gonzalez, H. Miettinen, B. V. Howard, and M. P. Stern LDL Size and Subclass Pattern in Mexico City Residents and San Antonio Mexican Americans Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 1995; 15(12): 2136 - 2141. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. A. Austin, L. Mykkanen, J. Kuusisto, K. L. Edwards, C. Nelson, S. M. Haffner, K. Pyorala, and M. Laakso Prospective Study of Small LDLs as a Risk Factor for Non–Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Elderly Men and Women Circulation, October 1, 1995; 92(7): 1770 - 1778. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Campos, G. O. Roederer, S. Lussier-Cacan, J. Davignon, and R. M. Krauss Predominance of Large LDL and Reduced HDL2 Cholesterol in Normolipidemic Men With Coronary Artery Disease Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 1995; 15(8): 1043 - 1048. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. E. Hokanson, R. M. Krauss, J. J. Albers, M. A. Austin, and J. D. Brunzell LDL Physical and Chemical Properties in Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 1995; 15(4): 452 - 459. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. M. Dreon, H. A. Fernstrom, B. Miller, and R. M. Krauss Apolipoprotein E Isoform Phenotype and LDL Subclass Response to a Reduced-Fat Diet Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 1995; 15(1): 105 - 111. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. Manttari, L. Tenkanen, V. Manninen, T. Alikoski, and M. H. Frick Antihypertensive Therapy in Dyslipidemic Men : Effects on Coronary Heart Disease Incidence and Total Mortality Hypertension, January 1, 1995; 25(1): 47 - 52. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. H. Slyper Low-Density Lipoprotein Density and Atherosclerosis: Unraveling the Connection JAMA, July 27, 1994; 272(4): 305 - 308. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Slyper and G. Schectman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors From a Genetic and Developmental Perspective Arch Intern Med, March 28, 1994; 154(6): 633 - 638. [Abstract] [PDF]